Test Standardization and Norms

Practice fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering test standardization, norm groups, sampling techniques, and assessment score interpretation.

Tests designed by professionals that provide uniform administration and scoring instructions so that examinee scores are directly comparable are known as __________.

standardized tests

During standardized test administration, examiners are required to follow manual directions exactly and must not __________.

ad lib

On the WRAT-R Level 1 Arithmetic subtest, oral parts are administered to examinees aged 5 through 7 years, 11 months, or to individuals who score less than __________ points on the written section.

5

Examinees taking the WRAT-R Level 2 Arithmetic subtest are given a time limit of __________ to complete the written computation section.

10 minutes

A test where an examinee's performance is evaluated by comparing it to the performance of a reference group is known as a __________ test.

norm-referenced

A test that evaluates an examinee's performance against a predetermined mastery cut-off (such as $70\%$ mastery) is classified as a __________ test.

criterion-referenced

Norms are created by drawing a representative standardization sample from the __________, which is the specific group for whom the test is developed.

target population

Because cognitive and educational norms can become outdated over time, achievement tests are typically re-normed approximately every __________.

5 years

The graph shown below displays the distribution of WAIS Full Scale IQ scores using a frequency polygon alongside a __________.

histogram

The Survey Form and Expanded Form of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales established their national normative sample using __________ individuals.

3,000

To mirror the United States population, the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales national standardization sample was stratified based on data from the __________ U.S. census.

1980

Supplementary norms for the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales included a group of 800 ambulatory __________ adults who were clients of residential facilities.

intellectually disabled

Although an ideal method for obtaining an unbiased sample, __________ is rarely used by test publishers because it is too expensive and time-consuming.

simple random sampling

The sampling method that separates a population into meaningful subgroups (such as ethnicity or SES) and samples proportionally from each subgroup is called __________.

stratified random sampling

The sampling technique in which existing natural groupings (such as classrooms or airline flights) are randomly selected and all members in the chosen group are evaluated is called __________.

cluster sampling

Norms designed to allow direct performance comparisons among individuals of the same chronological age are termed __________.

age norms

Norms that indicate the typical performance level for students within each separate academic grade are called __________.

grade norms

The table shown below, which displays the probability of earning specific first-year college GPAs based on ACT Composite Scores, is an example of an __________.

expectancy table

A fundamental axiom in psychometrics states that expectancy tables reflect only __________.

group data

Examiners should avoid constructing score confidence intervals using __________ because interval widths will not remain equivalent across different parts of the score distribution.

percentiles

Reporting test scores ordinally into descriptive brackets such as 'low', 'average', or 'moderately high' is known as __________ interpretation.

categorical

On individually administered assessments such as the WISC-IV, test administrators record __________ regarding factors like attention, mood, and motor skills to aid in qualitative interpretation.

behavioral observations