GCSE Greek DVL

for old spec (last examination 2027)

ἀγαθός, ἀγαθή, ἀγαθόν

good

ἀγγέλλω, ἀγγελῶ, ἤγγειλα, ἠγγέλθην

I announce

ἄγγελος, ἀγγέλου, ὁ

messenger

ἀγορά, ἀγορᾶς, ἡ

market

ἀγρός, ἀγροῦ, ὁ

field, countryside

ἄγω, ἄξω, ἤγαγον, ἤχθην

I lead, bring

ἀγών, ἀγῶνος, ὁ

contest, trial

ἀδικέω

I do wrong, injure

ἄδικος, ἄδικος, ἄδικον

unjust, wrong

ἀεί

always

᾿Аθῆναι, ᾿Аθηνῶν, αἱ

Athens

᾿Аθηναῖοι, ᾿Аθηναίων, οἱ

the Athenians

᾿Аθηναῖος, ᾿Аθηναῖα, ᾿Аθηναῖον

Athenian

ἆθλον, ἄθλου, τό

prize, reward

αἱρέω, αἱρήσω, εἷλον, ᾑρέθην

I take

αἰσθάνομαι, αἰσθήσομαι, ᾐσθόμην

I notice, perceive

αἰσχρός, αἰσχρά, αἰσχρόν

shameful, ugly, disgraceful

αἰτέω

I ask, ask for

αἴτιος, αἰτία, αἴτιον (+gen)

responsible for, guilty of

αἰχμάλωτος, αἰχμαλώτου, ὁ

prisoner (of war)

ἀκούω, ἀκούσομαι, ἤκουσα, ἠκούσθην

I hear, listen

ἀληθής, ἀληθής, ἀληθές

true

ἀλλά

but

ἄλλος, ἄλλη, ἄλλο

other, another

ἄν

(in conditional sentence, makes aorist verb mean ‘would have’)

ἀνά (+acc)

up

ἀναγκάζω, ἀναγκάσω, ἠνάγκασα, ἠναγκάσθην

I force, compel

ἀναχωρέω

I retreat, withdraw

ἀνδρεῖος, ἀνδρεία, ἀνδρεῖον

brave, manly

ἄνεμος, ἀνέμου, ὁ

wind

ἄνευ (+gen)

without

ἀνήρ, ἀνδρός, ὁ

man, husband

ἄνθρωπος, ἀνθρώπου, ὁ

man, person

ἄξιος, ἀξία, ἄξιον (+gen)

worthy of, deserving

ἀπό (+gen)

from, away from

ἀποθνῄσκω, ἀποθανοῦμαι, ἀπέθανον

I die, am killed

ἀποκρίνομαι, ἀποκρινοῦμαι, ἀπεκρινάμην

I reply, answer

ἀποκτείνω, ἀποκτενῶ, ἀπέκτεινα

I kill

ἆρα;

(introduces a question)

ἄρχή, ἀρχῆς, ἡ

beginning, rule, power, empire

ἄρχω (+gen)

I rule

ἄρχομαι (+gen)

I begin

ἄρχων, ἄρχοντος , ὁ

ruler, magistrate

ἀσθενής, ἀσθενής, ἀσθενές

weak

ἀσπίς, ἀσπίδος, ἡ

shield

ἀσφαλής, ἀσφαλής, ἀσφαλές

safe

αὖθις

again, in turn

αὐτος, αὐτή, αὐτό

self, himself, herself, itself

ὁ αὐτός, ἡ αὐτή, τὸ αὐτό

the same

αὐτόν, αὐτήν, αὐτό (not nom)

him, her, it

ἀφικνέομαι, ἀφίξομαι, ἀφικόμην

I arrive

βαίνω, βήσομαι, ἔβην

I go

βάλλω, βαλῶ, ἔβαλον, ἐβλήθην

I throw, fire at, hit (with a missile)

βάρβαροι, βαρβάρων, οἱ

foreigners, barbarians, non-Greeks

βασιλεύς, βασιλέως, ὁ

king

βία, βίας, ἡ

force, strength

βίβλος, βίβλου, ἡ

book

βίος, βίου, ὁ

life

βλάπτω

I harm, damage

βοάω

I shout

βοή, βοῆς, ἡ

shout

βοηθέω (+dat)

I help, come to help

βουλή, βουλῆς, ἡ

plan, a council

βούλομαι, βουλήσομαι, ἐβουλήθην

I wish

βραδύς, βραδεῖα, βραδύ

slow

γάρ

for

γε

at any rate, even, at least

γελάω, γελάσομαι, ἐγέλασα

I laugh

γέρων, γέροντος, ὁ

old man

γῆ, γῆς, ἡ

land, earth

γίγνομαι, γενήσομαι, ἐγενόμην

I become, happen, occur

γιγνώσκω, γνώσομαι, ἔγνων, ἐγνώσθην

I know, realise, understand

γλῶσσα, γλώσσης, ἡ

tongue, language

γράφω

I write, draw

γυνή, γυναικός, ἡ

woman, wife

δακρύω

I cry, weep

δέ

but, and

δεῖ, δεήσει, ἐδέησε (with acc + infin)

it is necessary

δεινός, δεινή, δεινόν

terrible, strange, clever

δεῖπνον, δείπνου, τό

dinner, meal

δέκα

ten

δένδρον, δένδρου, τό

tree

δεσπότης, δεσπότου, ὁ

master

δεύτερος, δευτέρα, δεύτερον

second

δέχομαι, δέξομαι, ἐδεξάμην

I receive, welcome

δή

indeed

δῆμος, δήμου, ὁ

people, community

διά (+ acc)

because of, on account of

διὰ τί;

why?

διά (+ gen)

through

δι᾿ ὀλίγου

soon

διαφθείρω, διαφθερῶ, διέφθειρα, διεφθάρην

I destroy, corrupt

(δίδωμι), δώσω, ἔδωκα

I give (future and aorist indicative active and infinitives only)

δίκαιος, δικαία, δίκαιον

just, fair, upright

διδάσκω, διδάξω, ἐδίδαξα, ἐδιδάχθην

I teach, tell

διότι

because

διώκω

I chase, pursue, prosecute

δοκεῖ (μοι), δόξει, ἔδοξε

(I) decide, it seems good (to me)

δοῦλος, δούλου, ὁ

slave

δοῦναι (cf. δίδωμι)

to give, to have given (aorist infinitive)