Review Questions - Project 1

In which phase is estradiol highest? and why?

Estrogen highest at the end of the follicular phase because the growing follicle is producing estrogen so once the follicle has reached its biggest size before being released, it has reached its highest level of estrogen.

Which part of the HPO axis produces FSH and LH? What do these hormones do?

The anterior pituitary gland produces FSH and LH

FSH is the follicle stimulating hormone, most active in the follicular phase yet as estrogen rises, FSH decreases so too many follicles do not grow

LH is the lutenizing hormone which surges a day before ovulation triggering ovulation

Which hormone produced by the corpus luteum prepares the endometrium for implantation and supports early pregnancy

Progesterone, P4

Which part of the uterus is responsive to hormones and sheds if there is no pregnancy?

Endometrium, uterine lining

Where is sperm produced and stored and how long does this process take?

Testes and around 74 days

Where does fertilization occur? How long after ovulation is an egg viable?

Occurs in the fallopian tube and is viable for 24 hours

When does ovulation happen in relation to the LH surge?

a day before ovulation

When does implantation occur in relation to fertilization? What hormone does the embryo produce?

Takes fertilized egg about a week to travel down fallopian tube and implant about a WEEK to reach blastocyst stage. HCG is produced by embryo

AFC, TTC, PCOS/PMOS, DOR - important for providers to know?

Anterior Follicle Count

Trying to conceive

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome/ Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome

Diminished Ovarian Reserve

• Important for providers to know what and if there are any factors can be actively contributing to their infertility

What are the two evaluations/data points a provider would use to diagnose diminished ovarian reserve?

diagnosed by a combo of AFC (counting amount of follicles) and bloodwork AMH

How recent must outside bloodwork be for us to accept it? General types of bloodwork needed for egg-producing patients?

Outside bloodwork must be within a year of initial consultation

hormone levels, hormones related to health, test immunity results, thyroid health, infectious dz’s