BIOL 251: FACIAL BONES AND MARKINGS

Lacrimal

Tiny bone, part of the medial orbit wall between the ethmoid and maxilla

Lacrimal fossa

Lacrimal

depression associated with the nasolacrimal canal

Maxilla

Upper jawbone and medial and inferior part of orbit. A keystone facial bone because it articulates with all facial bones except the mandible

Alveolar margin

Maxilla

contains sockets for teeth

Maxillary sinus

Maxilla

Largest sinus that sits lateral to the nasal cavity

Infraorbital foramen:

Maxilla

Opening below the orbit for nerves and blood vessels

Mandible

The lower jaw with the only moveable joint of the skull bones

Mandibular condyle:

Mandible

forms joint with the temporal bone (the TMJ for temporomandibular joint)

Mental foramen

Mandible

Opening lateral to the mandibular symphysis for passageway of blood vessels and nerves

Mandibular symphysis

Mandible

Depression on the midline from the mandibular fusion

Alveolar margin

Mandible

Sockets for teeth

Palatine

Form posterior part of hard palate and part of orbit

Horizontal plate

Palatine

Form the posterior 25% of the hard palate

Zygomatic

Lateral bone that makes up the "cheekbone" and lateral orbit

Temporal process

Zygomatic

projects posteriorly to articulate with the temporal bones zygomatic process forming the zygomatic arch

Nasal

Small, rectangular bones that make the bridge of the nose

Vomer

Triangular-shaped bone, medial in nasal cavity forming the posterior and inferior nasal septum

Inferior nasal conchae

Curved bones that extend medially into the nasal cavity to increase mucosal surface area

Hyoid

The hyoid bone does not articulate with any other bones but instead is suspended by muscles. It assists the tongue, larynx, and pharynx.