Old Testament Covenants and Prophets

A set of vocabulary study flashcards covering Old Testament covenants, biblical leaders, the monarchy, and prophetic literature.

Covenant

A solemn agreement between two parties.

Patriarchs

Abraham and his descendants—Isaac and Jacob (whom God renamed Israel)—who are revered as saints in the Church’s liturgical tradition.

Covenant with Noah

A covenant that applied universally to all people and found its fulfillment in the New Covenant extended by Jesus Christ to all people of the world.

Moses

The leader whom God summoned to the mountaintop to renew the covenant made with Abraham and give a set of Laws that the Israelites were required to follow.

Kingdom of God

The enduring kingdom established by Christ over which he reigns for eternity, fulfilling the covenant with David.

Judges

Leaders and heroes raised up by God to rally one or more tribes in defense of their land when facing outside threats or invaders.

Samuel

The last judge of Israel, whom the Israelites approached to request the appointment of a king, beginning the Monarchy.

Israelite Prophets

The overseers of the covenant and the Law who acted as God’s instruments of hope by revealing visions of the New Covenant, a new heavenly kingdom, and the restoration of humanity's relationship with God.

Isaiah

A major prophet who prophesied a servant of the Lord who is "struck for the sins of his people."

Ezekiel

A major prophet who prophesied that God will act like a good shepherd rescuing his people, giving them safe pasture, and healing their injuries.

Hope

An important virtue that points to our future with God, refers to the end of time, and is not a temporary thing.

First Three Kings of the Monarchy

Saul, David, and Solomon.

Four Major Prophets

Ezekiel, Daniel, Isaiah, and Jeremiah.

Major and Minor Prophets Distinction

The distinction between major and minor prophets based strictly on the length of their scrolls.

Three Sins of David

Lust, murder, and adultery, which violated the 5th ("You shall not kill"), 6th ("You shall not commit adultery"), and 9th ("You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor") commandments.

King Cyrus

The King of Persia who helped free the Israelites from captivity and assisted in rebuilding the temple in Jerusalem.

Joseph

A biblical figure sold into slavery by his brothers who possessed the ability to interpret dreams regarding an incoming famine and a bounteous harvest.

Book of Ezekiel Sections

A prophetic book split into three sections corresponding to: before Jerusalem’s fall; while the Babylonians were captured; and after Jerusalem’s fall, while there was hope of Israel.