Techniques in Paraphrasing Texts

Vocabulary flashcards covering key paraphrasing techniques from the lecture notes.

Paraphrasing

Restating a text in different words while preserving the original meaning.

Changing Words

Replacing some words to produce a paraphrase while keeping the idea intact.

Change of Part of Speech

Swapping a word to a different grammatical category (e.g., noun to verb) to aid paraphrasing.

Using Synonyms

Substituting words with similar meanings to convey the same idea.

Thesaurus

A tool used to find synonyms and related words to assist paraphrasing.

Word Order Change

Reordering sentence elements or shifting from active to passive voice (or vice versa) to alter structure.

Active Voice

A sentence in which the subject performs the action.

Passive Voice

A sentence in which the action is received by the subject.

Definition Structures

Using different structural formats to define a term as you paraphrase.

Formal Definition

A precise, structured way to define a term.

Informal Definition

A simpler, more casual explanation of a term.

Extended Definition

A definition with additional details to clarify a term.

Attribution Signals

Phrases that indicate source or attribution when paraphrasing (e.g., According to, X said).

Reported Speech

Paraphrasing what someone said without using exact quotation marks.

Direct Quotation

Quoting the exact words of a speaker; contrasted with paraphrase.

Changing Numbers and Percentages

Recasting numeric expressions into different forms while preserving accuracy.

Connecting Words

Using different conjunctions to connect clauses in a paraphrase.

Sentence Structure Variation

Altering overall sentence structure (simple, compound, complex) to paraphrase.

Do Not Change Proper Nouns and Technical Terms

Keep proper nouns and technical terms unchanged when paraphrasing.

Meaning Retention

The paraphrase should keep the original meaning intact.

Citing Sources

Citing or acknowledging sources when paraphrasing to avoid plagiarism.