Grade 10 Life Orientation Term 4 Review

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering Grade 10 Life Orientation Term 4 topics: bias and unfair practices in sport, lifelong learning and self-development, trends and demands in the job market, and ethical traditions of major religions.

How is gender bias defined in the context of sport?

Gender bias occurs when people are treated unfairly because of their gender, such as women's sporting achievements receiving less media coverage and sponsorship than men's.

What is stereotyping in sport?

Stereotyping occurs when people make generalised assumptions about individuals based on their gender, race, or background, instead of judging them on their individual abilities.

What does the term "redress" mean, particularly in sport?

Redress means taking action to correct unfair treatment, discrimination, or inequality. In sport, it means creating fair opportunities for everyone, regardless of gender, race, or background.

What are four measures used to redress gender and racial bias in sport?

1. Promote equal opportunities
2. Provide equal access to facilities
3. Increase media coverage
4. Provide equal sponsorship and funding opportunities

What is drug-taking in sport, and what is its main consequence?

Drug-taking is the use of prohibited substances or methods to improve performance unfairly (e.g., using banned steroids). Its main consequences are health risks and possible disqualification.

How is match-fixing defined, and what consequence does it carry?

Match-fixing is deliberately manipulating a sporting event (for example, a player being bribed to lose). Its main consequences are loss of trust and unfair results.

What is subjective umpiring, and what are its consequences?

Subjective umpiring occurs when a referee or umpire allows personal bias to influence decisions (e.g., unfairly favouring one team), resulting in unfair outcomes and disputes.

What is maladministration in sport, and what impact does it have?

Maladministration is poor, irresponsible, or dishonest management of sport (such as misusing sporting funds). Its main consequences are wasted resources and fewer opportunities.

What is the definition of lifelong learning?

Lifelong learning means constant learning and self-development, occurring both within the formal structure of an educational institution and outside of it.

What are the four main advantages of lifelong learning?

• Keeping you aware and in touch with what's happening in your career field and the world • Gaining new skills and new information • Goal setting and goal achievement • Financial reward for learning ("the more you learn the more you earn")

In the context of self-development, what is "potential"?

Your potential is your ability to do well in life.

What does it mean to "retrain"?

To retrain means to learn a new skill, often done with the aim of doing a job better or finding new employment.

What does being flexible in the workplace entail?

Being open to new ideas and ways of working, realizing that there may be other ways to do a job even if you are used to doing it one way, and getting on with co-workers from diverse cultures and backgrounds.

How does formal learning differ from non-formal learning?

Both occur through a structured programme of instruction, but formal learning leads to a formal qualification or certificate (e.g., school, university degrees), whereas non-formal learning usually does not (e.g., workshops, on-the-job training sessions).

What is informal learning, and where does it typically take place?

Informal learning results from daily work-related, social, family hobby, or recreational experiences through action and reflection without a certificate. It takes place at conferences, libraries, exhibitions, daily work, internet searches, and reading.

What is a "driver of change" in the job market?

A driver of change is something that acts as the force or reason behind the change.

What are four common drivers of change in the modern job market?

• The need to save money • The need to save time and work faster • The need to make things easier to use while also improving standards • The need to reduce harm to the environment

How has globalization impacted the career market?

By creating a connected world through technological advancements, globalization enables immediate communication, rapid transfer of ideas and products across borders, and access to overseas jobs and services, increasing competition and opportunities.

What is "downsizing" in the context of global career trends?

Downsizing means making companies smaller by hiring fewer workers, retrenching workers, or firing workers.

What is outsourcing?

Outsourcing is getting people or entities from outside the company to carry out an aspect of the work.

What are scarce skills, and why do they develop?

Scarce skills refer to careers where there are few or no qualified and experienced people to do the work. They occur due to a mismatch between labour demand and supply (higher need for those careers than there are people to do them).

Why is it beneficial to acquire critical skills and competencies?

They allow you to work to the best of your ability, and following a career path where they are needed gives you a better chance of landing a job.

Why is knowledge of different religions important in South Africa?

Knowledge of different religions helps promote understanding, tolerance, and acceptance among diverse groups.

What are the three main sources of rules and practices in Judaism?

1. The commandments from the Torah (the first five books of Moses)
2. The Talmud (a collection of interpretations of the Torah)
3. The laws of rabbis (Jewish religious teachers)

What are the core foundational texts and beliefs of Christianity?

Christianity has its roots in the Old Testament, the Talmud, the law of Moses, and the New Testament. It teaches that Jesus is the Son of God and Saviour of humanity, using the Ten Commandments as a basis for right and wrong.

What does the word "Islam" mean?

The word Islam means 'submission to god', 'peace', and 'way to peace'.

What are the two major sources of Sharia law in Islam?

1. The Qur'an: A religious book that encourages Muslims to live a life of moral virtue.
2. The Sunnah: The traditions or practices of the prophet Muhammad that explain the instructions of the Qur'an.

How does Hinduism accommodate beliefs about deity?

Hinduism encompasses a wide variety of traditions and philosophies, including both monotheists (people who believe in one god) and polytheists (people who believe in more than one god).