Ap world history vocab #10

Manchu

Northeast Asian peoples who defeated the Ming Dynasty and founded the Qing Dynasty in 1644, which was the last of China’s imperial dynasties

Queue hairstyle under Qing

Manchu male hairstyle forced upon Han Chinese government officials that if not worn could lead to execution; consisted of shaved head with braid

Canton System

used to control western trade: trading confined to port of Canton in S. China.

Trade run by hong merchants. Hoppo would collect taxes. Traders confined to factories. British start to not like this system

Emperor Kangxi

emperor of the Qing Dynasty, -open to Jesuits, okay with Christianity because he sees the harmony between Christianity and Confucianism, (God father of QianLong)

Emperor QianLong

Emperor who reigned from 1736-1795. He was approached by Lord Marcartney about liberalizing the trade restrictions; turned down the offer claiming that Europe had nothing to offer China.

Matteo Ricci

Portuguese Jesuit missionary who went to China, assimilated into Chinese culture and language and ran a Christian mission in China

Treaty of Nerchinsk

The first treaty between China and Russia that helped set the border for the two nations (1689)

White Lotus Rebellion

Peasant rebellion; Members of a Buddhist cult called the White Lotus society, revolted because of increased taxes and growing government inefficiency

Absolutism

A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc)

Louis XIV

Known as Sun King, he was an absolute monarch that completely controlled France. One of his greatest accomplishments was the building of the palace at Versailles

Palace of Versailles

A palace built in the 17th century for Louis XIV southwest of Paris near the city of Versailles

Divine Right

the idea that monarchs are God’s representatives on earth and are therefore answerable only to God.

Intendants

official appointed by French King Louis XIV to govern the provinces, collect taxes, and recruit soldiers

Tsar Peter the Great

Westernized Russia. He made the men in upper classes shave their beards. Made Russia’s army strong. Built St. Petersburg, the “Window to the West”

Westernization

policy of Peter the Great. Adoption of western ideas, technology, and culture.