Antibiotics & Antifungals

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11 Terms

1
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  1. natural penicillin

  2. narrow (gram +)

  3. gram + bacterial infections, UTIs

  4. GI upset, hypersensitivity reactions

  5. excreted into urinary tract in pure form


penicillin G

  • drug class

  • spectrum

  • used for…

  • side effects

  • special note


2
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  1. potentiated penicillin

  2. broad

  3. general bacterial infections, UTIs

  4. GI upset, allergic reactions


amoxicillin & clavulanic acid

  • drug class

  • spectrum

  • used for…

  • side effects


3
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  1. cephalosporin

  2. broad

  3. skin, soft tissue, and urinary infections, pre / peri-operatively for sx

  4. GI upset (PO), phlebitis & myositis (IM & IV)

  5. give cefazolin very slowly IV (over 10-15 minutes)


cefpodoxine & cefazolin

  • drug class

  • spectrum

  • used for…

  • side effects

  • special note


4
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  1. aminoglycoside

  2. narrow (mostly gram -)

  3. gram - infections, topical infections

  4. nephrotoxic, ototoxic

  5. usually topical due to toxicity, but can be given IV


gentamicin & neomycin

  • drug class

  • spectrum

  • used for…

  • side effects

  • special note


5
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  1. tetracycline

  2. broad

  3. bacterial & rickettsia infections

  4. nausea, V/D, renal damage, anxiety (horses & humans), anaphylaxis, hypotension, shock


doxycycline

  • drug class

  • spectrum

  • used for…

  • side effects


6
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  1. macrolide

  2. broad

  3. general bacterial infections, particularly in GI tract

  4. rare, occasional GI upset


tylosin & erythromycin

  • drug class

  • spectrum

  • used for…

  • side effects


7
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  1. lincosamide

  2. narrow (gram +)

  3. oral, skin, respiratory, kidney, and uterine infections

  4. GI upset, infection site pain, mildly nephrotoxic


clindamycin

  • class

  • spectrum

  • used for…

  • side effects


8
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  1. sulfonamide

  2. broad

  3. GI & urinary infections

  4. crystalluria, keratoconjunctivitis, skin rash, blood imbalances


trimethoprim-sulfa

  • drug class

  • spectrum

  • used for…

  • side effects


9
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  1. fluoroquinolones

  2. broad

  3. serious infections

  4. rare, but include lesions in cartilage in growing dogs, crystalluria, blindness in cats, and teratogenic in pregnant animals

  5. marbofloxacin (Zeniquin) is safe in cats


enrofloxacin & marbofloxacin

  • drug class

  • spectrum

  • indicated for…

  • side effects

  • special note


10
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  1. nitroimidazole

  2. broad

  3. canine diarrhea

  4. anorexia, V/D, CNS signs, teratogenic


metronidazole

  • drug class

  • spectrum

  • indicated for…

  • side effects


11
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  1. imidazole antifungal

  2. superficial & deep mycoses

  3. rare, slightly hepatotoxic & cardiotoxic - itraconazole is safer

  4. some action on adrenal glands, so sometimes adjuncts for adrenal disease (Cushing’s disease)


ketoconazole & itraconazole

  • drug class

  • indicated for…

  • side effects

  • special note