1.1.2. Factors affecting the rate of urbanisation

What term describes the negative conditions that encourage people to leave the countryside?

Push factors

What is agricultural  mechanisation?

Modern machinery replacing human labour and leading to job loss

What are examples of crop failure and climate hazards that act as push factors?

• Droughts

• Floods

• Soil degradation

Which push factor involves limited healthcare, lack of secondary schools, and inadequate clean water?

Poor access to basic services 

What term describes the attractive reasons that draw people towards living in cities?

Pull factors

What are considered 'better services' in urban areas?

• Access to healthcare

• Specialist doctors

• Better schools

What are examples of improved infrastructure in cities?

• Reliable electricity

• Clean piped water

• Internet connection

• Public transport

Which factors help to lower infant mortality and increase life expectancy in cities?

• Improved healthcare

• Clean piped water

• Reliable food supplies

• Sanitation

  
  

Which type of country has a low overall level of urbanisation because its economy is mainly based on agriculture?

 LICs  (Lower Income Countries)

Which type of country experiences the fastest rate of urbanisation due to rapid industrialisation?

NEEs  (Newly Emerging Economies)

What term describes people moving from urban areas back to rural areas in HICs?

Counter-urbanisation