2.19 The Calvin Cycle

In green plants, ___________ use light energy to convert light energy into glucose

chloroplasts

Where does the Calvin cycle take place?

in the stroma of the chloroplast

What does the enzyme Rubisco do?

Catalyzes the carboxylation of 3 CO₂ to 3 RuBP to form 6 PGA.

What is Phase 1?

Enzyme Rubisco catalyzes carboxylation of 3 CO2 to 3 RuBP to form 6 PGA

What happens in Phase 2? What does it require?

• 6 PGA is reduced to form 6 1,3-BPG, which is further reduced to 6 G3P

• This requires 6 ATP and 6 NADPH

(number) molecules of ATP and NADH are requires for the _________ of PGA to G3P

• 6

• reduction

What happens in Phase 3?

5 G3P molecules are used to regenerate 3 RuBP, requiring 3 ATP.

NADPH

6 molecules of NADPH are required for the reduction of PGA to G3P.

One molecule of G3P can be used to produce…

glucose

Tell me about the Calvin Cycle and its relation to light-dependent systems. What are the 2 other names for this type of reaction the Calvin cycle is?

Also known as the dark reaction or light-independent reaction, although it indirectly requires products from light reactions.

What do Light reactions do?

Provide the necessary products (ATP and NADPH) for the Calvin Cycle.

Light reactions and the Calvin Cycle are ______________ in photosynthesis.

interdependent

What do plants use to survive during short periods without light?

cellular respiration

Who is the Calvin Cycle named after? What was the name of the algae used? What was he awarded for his discovery?

• Melvin Calvin

• Chlorella

• Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1961