WorldHistory Unit 5 Quizlet

Industrial Revolution

rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production

steam engine

an engine that uses the expansion or rapid condensation of steam to generate power.

James Watt

Invented the steam engine

Enclosure Act

Law passed in England in the late 1700's that converted public lands into private property

Urbanization

Movement of people from rural areas to cities

Tenement

multistory building divided into crowded apartments

Factory System

system bringing manufacturing steps together in one place to increase efficiency

assembly line

Production method that breaks down a complex job into a series of smaller tasks

Henry Ford

founder of Ford Motor Company, father of modern assembly lines

labor union

An organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions, wages, and benefits for its members

Capitalism

An economic system based on private ownership of capital

free enterprise

a type of economy in which people are free to buy, sell, and produce whatever they want

Agricultural Revolution

A time when new inventions such as the seed drill and the steel plow made farming easier and faster.

Waterframe

spinning machine powered by water wheel

Richard Arkwright

Invented the water frame

1 Source of Power during Industrial Revolution

Coal

Overpopulation

too many people in one place for the resources available

Caused unemployment for some farmers

Invention of the factory system

Causes of the American Revolution

taxation without representation, violation of natural rights

Thomas Jefferson

Wrote the Declaration of Independence

King George III

King of England during the American Revolution

Trade consisted of (American Revolution)

Trading with mother country

Mercantilism

an economic system (Europe in 18th C) to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests

John Locke

English philosopher who argued that people have natural rights

France

Helped pay for the revolution

Wanted Britain to suffer

France's Reason for helping the Americans during the revolution

American Revolution

sparked many other revolutions around the world

Effect of Industrial Rev.

Child Labor

Mass Production

Lowered prices for consumers

King Louis XVI

The king of France during the revolution.

Marie Antoinette

Queen of France who was unpopular, her extravagance and opposition to reform contributed to the overthrow of the monarchy

Maximillien Robespierre

Key radical leader of the Jacobins and the French Revolution

Bastille

Medieval fortress that was converted to a prison stormed by peasants during the early stages of the French Revolution.

Tennis Court Oath

famous oath made on a tennis court by members of the Third Estate in France

estate system

social structure in France Prior to the Revolution

Reign of Terror

This was the period in France where Robespierre ruled and used revolutionary terror to solidify the home front. He tried rebels and they were all judged severely and most were executed.

Napoleon Bonaparte

French general who became emperor of the French

Napoleonic Code

A comprehensive and uniform system of laws established for France by Napoleon

Paid all of the taxes in France

3rd Estate

Consisted of 98% of the Population in France

3rd Estate

Owned majority of the land in France

1st/2nd Estate

Rights of Man

A document which was similar to the American Declaration of Independence; it preserved French citizens' natural rights.

Attacked Russia in the Winter

A great defeat on Napoleon

Oppressive towards women

Napoleonic Code

Continental Blockade

attempt to cut Britain off from European trade, did not work, many allies ignored the treaties

Simon Bolivar

Venezuelan statesman who led the revolt of South American colonies against Spanish rule

Miguel Hidalgo

Priest who began the revolt against Spanish rule in Mexico

Jamaica Letter

Written by Simone Bolivar, in this letter he argues that liberty should come to Latin America

Simon Bolivars wanted

To Unite all of Latin America as one

Creoles

Spanish-born but born in Latin America; resented inferior social, political, economic status.

Peninsulares

People living in the New World Spanish colonies but born in Spain.

Mestizos

A person of mixed Native American and European ancestry

Don pedro

first emperor of brazil

Toussaint L'Overture

Leader of the slave rebellion on the French island of St. Domingue in 1791; led to the creation of the independent republic of Haiti in 1804.