Japanese Lecture Notes: Vocabulary, Grammar Particles, and Expressions

A comprehensive set of 100 vocabulary flashcards covering Japanese adjectives, particles, time and currency expressions, polite phrases, and sentence patterns from the lecture.

Atsui

Can mean hot (temp) or thick depending on context.

Totsutemo genkidesu

Very energetic/well

omoi

Heavy

karui

Light

nagai

Long

mijikai

Short

futoi

Thick/fat

hosoi

Thin/slender

hiroi

Wide/spacious

semai

Narrow

Douzo yorishikuonegaishimas

Pleased to meet you

omoshiroi

Interesting

tsumaranai

Boring

Ashita

Tomorrow

Soushite heya shimashita

Then I slept in my room

atatakai

Warm

akarui

Bright

kurai

Dark

Sake

Can mean salmon or sake depending on context

takai

Expensive/high

yasui

Cheap

Ne te-iru

Is sleeping

Kiniro no kutsu wo haiteimasu

I’m wearing gold-colored shoes

De (particle)

At/in a place where an action occurs

Gakkou de benkyou shimasu

I study at school.

Ashita aoi umi ni ikimasu

I will go to the blue sea tomorrow.

Ni (with a destination)

Means go to a place (e.g., Gatsukou ni ikimasu)

Ni (with a time)

At/on a specific time (e.g., 10 ji ni = at 10 o’clock)

Dare

Who

I-adjective (placement)

Place BEFORE noun (e.g., Ookii iinu = Big dog)

Shikashi

However/but

-masu

Present affirmative verb ending

-mashita

Past affirmative verb ending

Raishyuu

Next week

Misoshiru ha oishi kunakatsuta desu

The miso soup wasn’t tasty.

Itsu

When?

Hontou ni omoshiroi desu

It’s really interesting.

San byaku kyuu juu yen desu

Yen 390

Ju nana doru, kyuu jyuu kyuu sento desu

$17.99

yo-ji happun desu

4:08

shichi-ji san juppun desu

7:30

Yongatsu jyuu roku desu

April 16th

Kara

From

Nani ga ii desuka?

What is good?/What do you prefer?

Shikashi, benkyou o shitanode, jishinga arimasu

However, because I have studied I have confidence.

Gozen

AM in Japanese

Konnichiwa(ha)

Hello/Good afternoon

Pizza mo tabemasu

I’ll eat pizza too.

Doko

Where?

Raishiyuu, gatsukou denihon gonoshi yuka dai odashimasu

Next week, I’ll turn in Japanese homework at school.

NY kara NJ made kuruma deiki masu

I’ll go from NY to NJ by car.

To omoimasu

I think that ..

Muzakashi kunaka tsuta desu

It wasn’t difficult.

Hajimemashite

Nice to meet you.

Odai jini

Take care of yourself/Get well soon.

Haiiro no risu ga imasu

There are gray squirrels.

Gozen 10 ji ni nihongo no shiyukudai woshimashita

I did Japanese homework at 10am.

karai

Spicy

suppai

Sour

ooki

Big

chisashi

Small

Kinouu chini kaerimashita

I went home yesterday

Akai hana momimasu

I’ll also see red flowers.

wo/o (particle)

Direct object of verb

Node

Because/since

Shiyotsupai

Salty

tsumetai

Cold to the touch

Nichiyoubi ni doubutsuen ni ikimasu

I’m going to the zoo on Sunday.

Sushi ha(ga) dou desuka?

How about sushi?

Nihongo o hanashimashita

I spoke Japanese.

-masen

Present/future negative verb form

-masen deshita

Past negative verb form

Nanji / nan

What?

Ha (particle)

Marks the topic of a sentence (pronounced wa when used as a particle)

Ga (particle)

Marks the subject–identifying what exists or what is being selected

No (particle)

Shows possession, association, or description

Nihongo no shiyukudei

Japanese homework.

Tomoushimas

My name is.. (polite way to introduce yourself)

nigai

Bitter

umai

Tasty-skillful

Sukoshi tanoshii desu

It’s a little fun

Tamago ga suki desu

I like eggs.

Roku ji kara hachi ji ma de

From 6 to 8 o’clock

Muzukashi

Difficult

yasashii

Easy or kind

Soshite

And then/and

douka shimashitaka?

What’s wrong? Is something the matter?

Kaze

Can mean wind or cold illness depending on context

oishii

Delicious

mazui

Bad-tasting

To (particle)

With

Tomodachito

With a friend

tooi

Far

chikai

Near

6 ji kara 8 ji made yakiyuu woshimasu

I’ll play baseball from 6 to 8.

Asa 8 ji kara yoru 10 ji made aitei masu

It’s open from 8am to 10pm.

Gogo

P.M

Kore (ha character) wa ikura desu ka?

How much does something cost?

Ikura

How much?

Mo (particle)

Also/too