Classics - Midterm Review - Myths of Creation, Zeus's rise to power

What are the points on Hesiod?

• Ca. 700 BC

• Boeotia

• Shepherd/farmer who was inspired by the Muses, daughters of Zeus

• A cranky guy who hates women and his brother

• earliest written account

• these divine personifications of inspiration provide a god-inspired text. Infallible knowledge

Who came from Chaos?

• Gaia/Ge - Earth

• Tartarus - a dark place deep in the depths of the earth

• Eros - love, the most beautiful of all the immortal gods

• Erebus - gloomy darkness above* Tartarus

• Nyx - Night

What is Hieros gamos?

• Holy marriage

• this sacred pairing is repeated many times

Who was the 1st gen?

• Gaia/Ge

• Tartarus

• Eros

• Erebus

• Nyx/Night

Night producing children by herself

The fates/moirai, Nemesis, Eris*

Who comes from the 2nd gen?

• Uranus/Ouranos - sky

• Mountains

• Pontus - the sea*

Who comes from the 3rd gen, children of Gaia and Uranus?

• Titans

• Cyclopes - Brontes, Steropes, Arges

• Hetaconchies

Who are the water spirits?

Oceanus and Tethys (titans) their kids:

• Oceanids (female)

• Rivers (Achelous)

3000 sons and 3000 daughters

Rivers, lakes, springs, etc.

The sky titans and their kids

Hyperion and Theia (titans) their kids:

• Helius - sun, father of phaethon

• Selene - moon

• Eos - goddess of dawn

What are later changes of Helius and Selene?

Helius = Apollo

Selene = Artemis

Who does Eos chase?

Dawn that chases Tithonus

Aphrodite makes her like that and Zeus makes him immortal but still lets him age and Eos does not like that*

What is the story of Selene and Endymion?

A mortal shepherd Selene likes and comes down and sleeps with him every night. She asked Zeus to make him remain the way he is and Zeus granted him perpetual youth however with perpetual sleep

What is the story of Phaethon?

Wanted to prove he was Helios son and drove the sun chariot despite the warning form his dad and crashed it and scorched earth - made the Sahara desert and that’s why Ethiopians have dark skin

Who were Cronos and Rheas?

Titans who are parents of Olympians

What is the general story of Cronos overtaking Uranus?

Cut off his genitals and the blood once it hit Gaia formed Erinyes, Giants and Mealie. The genitals formed Aphrodite

Who were Cronos and Rheas kids?

• Hestia

• Demeter

• Hera

• Hades

• Poseidon

• Zeus

Where was Zeus raised?

Crete

What was the Titanomachy?

• Zeus and siblings 10 years war with titans

• Hecatonchires and Cyclopes with Zeus

• Hecatonchires hurl stones, Cyclopes forge thunder and lightning

• Atlas punished*

Where did the battle in the Titanomachy take place?

Team Zeus = Olympus

Team Titans = Othrys

What is the order of the five ages of man?

• Gold

• Silver

• Bronze

• Heroes

• Iron