biological molecules

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Biology

A-Level Biology

AQA

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8 Terms

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Maltose

A disaccharide formed by condensation of two glucose molecules.

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Sucrose

A disaccharide formed by condensation of glucose & fructose.

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Lactose

A disaccharide formed by condensation of glucose & galactose.

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Glycogen

The main energy storage molecule in animals, formed from many molecules of alpha glucose joined together by 1, 4 and 1, 6 glycosidic bonds.

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Starch

Energy storage in plants, consisting of amylose and amylopectin.

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Amylose

Unbranched chain of glucose molecules joined by 1, 4 glycosidic bonds, forming a compact molecule storing energy.

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Amylopectin

Branched chain of glucose molecules joined by 1, 4 and 1, 6 glycosidic bonds, allowing for simultaneous enzyme action for energy release.

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Cellulose

Component of plant cell walls, composed of long, unbranched chains of beta glucose joined by glycosidic bonds, forming strong microfibrils.