2.1: Dynamic equilibium

What is chemical equillibrium

When the forwarda rate of a chemical reaction equals its reverse rate

What are the three things which indicate a system must be at chemical equilibrium?

1. Have constant macroscopic propertires

2. be closed

3. shift when conditions are changed

Under which 4 conditions does chemical equilibrium exist?

A) the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal

B) we must have a reversible reaction

C) We must have a closed system

D) The temeperature of the system is constant

Whats a consequence of constant temperature?

The pressure of the system will also be constant

Give examples of macroscopic properties

• Colour

• Mass

• Pressure

• Volume

• Any other observable property

Explain equilibrium

The rate at which the reactants are being consumed is equal to the rate at which they are being reformed

Explain what happens when a chemical reversible reaction trying to reach equilbirum occurs.

1. Initially, there are no products but a lot of reactants → therefore the reactants will be used up to make more products

2. As such, the forward rate of the reaction decreases as the reverse rate increases.

3. This occurs until rf=rr.