15 Fallicies

Ad Hominem

a claim or argument is rejected on the basis of some irevant fact about the author( an attack on the person not the facts)

Appeal to Authority

When a person in question is not a legitimate authority on the subject

Appeal to Emotion

When someone manipulates peoples’ emotions in order to get them to accept a claim as being true

Appeal to fear

a communication method that uses scaring, anxiety, or negative consequences to force a specific choice or belief instead of using logical proof

Bandwagon

Is the fear of rejection

Begging the Question

an informal logical error where an argument's conclusion is already assumed to be true within its own premises

False Dilemma

an error in reasoning that mistakenly presents only two choices as the absolute only options available when actually more possibilities exist

Genetic Fallacy

a mistake in reasoning where someone judges an idea, claim, or argument based on where it comes from/ or who it comes from instead of its actual contents

Hasty Generalization

when someone makes a big rule or broad claim using far too little evidence

Post Hoc( Ergo Propter Hoc)

an error in logic where you assume that because one event happened after another, the first event caused the second

Red Herring

a clue, piece of information, or statement that misleads, distracts, or deflects attention from an important question or the main issue

Slippery Slope

an informal logical fallacy that occurs when an argument asserts that a relatively small first step will inevitably lead to a chain of events culminating in a significant, often catastrophic, outcome

Straw Man

when someone changes or exaggerates another person's argument to make it easier to attack

Loaded Question

a trick question that hides an unproven assumption inside it