IB Sports Unit 2

Which structural component of a synovial joint is responsible for secreting synovial fluid, and what is the primary advantage of this fluid for the articular cartilage?

The synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid, which nourishes the avascular articular cartilage and removes metabolic waste

A fluid filled sac that provides additional questioning at a joint.

bursae

Which plane divides the body into right and left sides?

Saggital

The patella is what type of bone

Sesamoid

A radiologist is examining a CT scan that displays a cross-sectional image of a patient's abdomen, showing the superior and inferior organization of internal organs. Which anatomical plane was used to create this type of image?

Transverse plane

Type  of tissue composed of densly paked collageneous fibers, elastic fibers, ground substance and fibroblasts.

dense connective 

Which is NOT a hinge joint?

Hip joint

The sternum is where in relation to the vertebral column?

Anterior

The humerus is superior to which bones

Ulna and radius

Which bone is superior to the tibia?

femur

All of the following bones are part of the axial skeleton except for

Fibula

RBC propuction

erythropoiesis

A patient performs a movement where their forearm rotates so that the palm faces downward while the arm remains flexed at the elbow. This movement occurs around which axis and within which plane?

Longitudinal axis within the transverse plane

All of these are functions of the skeleton except for

Regulate metabolism 

All of the following are freely movable, synovial joints with the exception of

Synchondrosis

A physical therapist is assessing a patient's forearm mobility. When the patient rotates their forearm so that the palm faces upward, which movement is being performed?

Supination

The mandible is what type of bone

irregular

The periosteum is made of…

dense connective tissue

All of the following bones are part of the appendicular skeleton except for 

Sacrum

The formation of blood cells in red bone marrow is called

Erythropoiesis

The bone lateral to the ulna in anatomical position is

Radius

The mandible is what type of bone

irregular

Type of joint found between the diaphysis of the ulna and the radius. It is composted of dense connective tissue. 

Slightly movable 

Which structural arrangement in long bones best explains how compact bone provides high compressive and tensile strength while cancellous bone provides flexibility and shock absorption?

Compact bone has densely packed osteons with organized collagen fibers, while spongy bone's porous trabecular network distributes loads along stress lines

Which bone forms the lateral malleolus?

Fibula

A modified ball and socket joint found between the metacarpals and phalanges.

Condyloid joints

Type of ball and socket joint between the glenoid fossa of the scapula and the head of the humerus

Synovial

Compact bone is made of…

osseous

Which of the following best describes how bones contribute to maintaining physiological balance in the body?

Bones store calcium and phosphorus, which can be released into the bloodstream to maintain proper blood chemistry

The fluid which lubricates a freely movable joint 

Synovial

Which structure is not found in the medullary cavity of the diaphysis of a long bone?

periosteum

Expended ends of a long bone

Epiphysis

Composed of hyaline cartilage during bone elongation

Epiphysial plates

Houses red bone marrow

Spongy bone

Composed of dense connective tissue

Periosteum

Tubular shaft of a long bone

Diaphysis

Composed of osteons

Contact bone

The ilium is what type of bone?

flat

Hyaline cartilage is found in all of the following components of a bone with the exception of

Bone marrow

Which cell is not found in vascular tissue? 

osteocyte