Module 1. A.chem

What is Analytical Chemistry?

Studies the separation, identification, and determination of the relative amounts of the components of natural and artificial materials

Classical methods in Analytical Chemistry (Wet chemistry) include

Volumetric, Gravimetric, Distillation

Instrumental methods in Analytical Chemistry

Light based Spectroscopy, Mass spectrometry, separation, electrochemical

Qualitative analyisis

Tells us what components are present in the sample

Quantitative analysis

Tells us the quantity of a component present in a sample

What is equilibrium

When the reaction reaches a point after which mo further reaction occur in the amounts of species depleted and formed.

Rate of consumption = rate of formed

K is used when

When in equilibrium, we can determine the relative concentrations of products and reactants using K (equilibrium constant)

Acid dissociation reaction

Reaction where the base is H2O

What determines the strength of an acid?

Based on how many H+ it donates

Strong acid

Fully dissociates in water

Weak acid

Can’t donate their acidic proton to H2O. Most of the acid remains undissociated with only a small amount present as the conjugate base

Ka

Tells us the magnitude of the strength of the acid.

Smaller Ka, weaker the acid

Polyprotic acids

Acids that donate +1 proton (H+)