AP Euro Unit 3

Started absolutism in France

Cardinal Richelieu

Strengthened power of French monarchy

Cardinal Richelieu

Claimed absolute power after Cardinal Mazarin’s death

Louis XIV

Undid Edict of Nantes, thereby banning Protestantism in France

Edict of Fontainebleau

Known as “The Sun King” throughout Europe

King Louis XIV

Where the French royal family, French nobles, and members of the French government all lived during Louis XIV’s rule

Palace of Versailles

Louis XIV’s Wars

War of Devolution (1667-68), Dutch War (1672-78), War of the League of Augsburg (1688-97), War of Spanish Succession (1701-13)

Country that experienced no Renaissance and looked similar to the Middle Ages in 16th century

Russia (Muscovy)

Type of society Russia was in 16th century

Rural serfdom

Russian absolute monarch

Tsar

Russian absolute monarch who sought to westernize Russia

Peter the Great

Financial minister of France under Louis XIV

Jean Baptiste Colbert

First Russian monarch to make aristocracy completely dependent on the tsar

Ivan the Terrible

“Secret police” supporting Ivan the Terrible who acted against those Ivan considered disloyal

oprichniki

Started Russian conquest of Siberia

Ivan the Terrible

Established the first Russian Navy

Peter the Great

Forced all Russian nobles to adhere to Western European dress codes, like having cut beards

Peter the Great

Established Saint Petersburg

Peter the Great

Was responsible for opening the first Russian hospital

Peter the Great

Founded first Russian newspaper

Peter the Great

Family in control of Brandenburg and Prussia

House of Hohenzollern

Known as the “Soldier King” of Prussia

Frederick William I

Shaped Prussia to be an absolutist, militaristic state

Frederick William I

Banned operas, comedies, ballet, and other entertainment in his country because it contrasted with his militaristic values

Frederick William I

Country that tolerated Calvinists and Lutherans, but not Catholics or Jews

Prussia

Established the world’s first compulsory public education system

Frederick William I

A period of time when England had no Parliament, instead operating solely under Charles I

Personal Rule

Introduced new Anglican prayer book that caused revolt among Scottish Puritans for being too similar to Catholicism

Charles I

Attempted to arrest five leading Protestant members of Parliament for fear of them arresting his Catholic wife

Charles I

Who the English Civil War was between

Charles I and Parliament

How English Civil War ended

Charles I’s beheading

Beheaded Charles I

New Model Army

Leader of the New Model Army during English Civil War

Oliver Cromwell

Lord Protector of the English Commonwealth

Oliver Cromwell

Why the New Model Army turned on Parliament?

Believed England would never be at peace as long as Charles I remained alive

Banned theatre, sports, and Christmas

Oliver Cromwell

Puritan dictatorship over England ruled by Oliver Cromwell, with rules based on Puritan principles

Protectorate

Deeply Catholic king who was strongly distrusted by his Protestant subjects

James II

Fled the throne of England after English nobles and officers defected to William and Mary

James II

Peaceful transition of power from James II to William and Mary of the Netherlands

Glorious Revolution

Document that successfully ended absolutism in England, establishing a constitutional monarchy in its place

English Bill of Rights