Nature vs Nurture

A: Sociobiologists: Behaviour = genetic/biological makeup.

Q: Nurture view?
A: Sociologists: Social environment shapes behaviour more.

Q: Sociologist view on nature/nurture?
A: If nature alone, men/women would behave same. Gender is learned. Behaviour changes over time.

Q: Beben Benyamin Twins Study?
A: 27 studies, 5 million twin pairs, 50 years. Overall: 49% genetic / 51% environmental.

Q: Twin study specific results?
A: Bipolar 68%/32%. Weight 63%/37%. Eating disorder 40%/62%. Alcohol 41%/59%.

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MASTER THEORIST CHEAT SHEET

Q: Talcott Parsons?
A: Functionalism. Family = "Personality Factory." Value Consensus → Social Cohesion.

Q: Karl Marx & Engels?
A: Marxism. Class conflict: Bourgeoisie vs Proletariat. Capitalism = exploitative.

Q: Herbert Marcuse?
A: Marxism/Culture. Popular Culture maintains inequality + status quo.

Q: Ann Oakley?
A: Feminism/Socialization. Gender roles socially constructed through family.

Q: Pierre Bourdieu?
A: Culture. High Culture gives rich "Cultural Capital."

Q: Raymond Williams?
A: Culture. "Culture" = one of most complicated words.

Q: Zygmunt Bauman?
A: Culture. Culture is artificial; we follow cultural codes.

Q: Bowles & Gintis?
A: Education/Marxism. School = "Giant Myth Making Machine." Hidden Curriculum.

Q: Waddington?
A: Workplace. Canteen culture + unwritten rules.

Q: Sue Lees?
A: Peer Group. Peer pressure on teenage girls.

Q: Modood & Berthoud?
A: Religion. Key study on Secularisation.

Q: Beben Benyamin?
A: Nature vs Nurture. Twin studies: both genetics + environment shape us.

Q: Jack Young?
A: Media. "Bulimic Society" (binge and purge culture).

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TRIBES & STUDIES

Q: Hamar Tribe?
A: SW Ethiopia. Value cattle. Males leap over cattle; females whipped to show devotion.

Q: Margaret Mead?
A: Papua New Guinea. Masculinity/femininity NOT linked to biological sex. Samoa (1928): 68 girls, sexual experimentation, no shame.

Q: Derek Freeman (1983)?
A: Criticised Mead. She exaggerated rosy picture; missed sexual violence. Samoan girls denied promiscuity.

Q: 3 Tribes (Sex & Temperament)?
A: Arapesh: gentle, cooperative. Mundugmur: aggressive, violent. Tchambuli: men timid/emotional/decorative; women dominant/aggressive.

Q: Deborah Gewertz (1981)?
A: Studied Chambri (Tchambuli) 1974/75. Found no unusual behaviour described by Mead.

Q: Social Construction?
A: Behaviour may change over time — it's NOT fixed.

Q: Feral children?
A: Evidence for nature/nurture debate — lack social skills + language.

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Would you like me to turn these into a printable flashcard format (cut-out style) or a quizlet-style list?

This response is AI-generated, for reference only.

Q: Nature view?

A: Sociobiologists: Behaviour = genetic/biological makeup.

Q: Nurture view?

A: Sociologists: Social environment shapes behaviour more.

Q: Sociologist view on nature/nurture?

A: If nature alone, men/women would behave same. Gender is learned. Behaviour changes over time.

Q: Beben Benyamin Twins Study?

A: 27 studies, 5 million twin pairs, 50 years. Overall: 49% genetic / 51% environmental.

Q: Twin study specific results?

A: Bipolar 68%/32%. Weight 63%/37%. Eating disorder 40%/62%. Alcohol 41%/59%.