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721 BC
Destruction of the Northern Kingdom by Assyria
597 BC
Nebuchadnezzar (of Babylon) plunders Jerusalem, begins Babylonian captivity of Judean leaders
587 BC
Israel sides with Egypt and revolts; Jeremiah falls silent; Nebuchadnezzar burns Jerusalem, and takes many more Judeans into exile: NEBUCHADNEZZAR destroys the first temple building late this year or in early 586
538 BC
Cyrus ends the Babylonian captivity of the Judeans and funds construction of a second temple
323 BC
Death of Alexander of Macedon (the Great) legacy: Seleucid, Ptolmaic, and Antigonid kingdoms
167 BC
Maccabean revolt (against the Seleucids) begins, leading up to the rise of the Hasmonean dynasty
70 AD
The Roman general Titus re-conquers Jerusalem and tears down Second Temple