Exam 2

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering legal principles, nursing ethics, advance care planning, end-of-life care, and cultural and spiritual competence in nursing practice.

Ethics (Nursing)

The moral principles that guide healthcare decisions and protect both patients and nurses.

• informed consent

• right to privacy

• right to refuse

What are the 3 patient rights and advocacy

Laws (Nursing)

Established rules and regulations that define acceptable professional behavior and protect both patients and nurses.

• negligence and malpractice

• medication errors

• patient falls

• breach of confidentiality

What are 4 common legal issues for new nurses

Includes end-of-life decisions, cultural conflicts, limited resources; there is rarely one “right” answer

1. recognize the issue

2. analyze options

3. evaluate consequences

4. act ethically

5. reflect

What are the 5 steps of the decision making framework for ethical issues

holistic, patient sentered care

treating the person, not just the illness

Hospice Care

A model of interdisciplinary care centered on comfort, symptom management/relief, quality of life, and dignity for terminally ill individuals and their families.

Home Health Care

In-home skilled services focused on recovery, treatment, disease management, skilled nursing, physical therapy, teaching, and clinical monitoring.

• verify & follow policy

• honor wishes

• prepare body

• handle belongings and devices

• identify and document

What are the 4 main factors in postmortem care?

Organ Donation

The donation of organs (heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, pancreas, intestines) and tissues (corneas, skin, bone, heart valves) adhering to formal death determination and consent procedures.

Advance Directives

legal planning documents that outline future medical care decisions if you cannot decide or communicate (living will, healthcare power of attorney)

Living Will

A specific advance directive that outlines WHAT medical care and life-sustaining treatment preferences an individual wants or refuses in certain situations

Healthcare Power of Attorney

A legal advance directive that designates WHO is authorized to make healthcare decisions on the patient's behalf when incapacitated.

learned, patterned behavioral response acquired over time that includes implicit versus explicit beleifs, attitudes, values, customs, etc

Cultural Competence

being knowledgable about one’s own thoughts, feelings, and sensations, as well as the ability to reflect on how these can affect one’s interactions with others

cultural competence

an ongoing process that involves accepting and respecting differences and not letting one’s personal beliefs have an influence on those whose worldview is different from one’s own

Culturally Congruent Care

Nursing care that openly acknowledges the uniqueness of multiple-heritage individuals and seeks to understand and incorporate their lived experiences.

• patient-centered

• promotes effective interaction

• results in improved outcomes

What are 3 traits that make up culturally congruent care?

Joint commission

views effective communication, cultural competence, and patient centered care as important elements of providing safe quality care

Race

A categorization based on inherited physical traits, classified as White, Black/African American, American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander.

Ethnicity

An individual's cultural identification and heritage, designated demographically as Hispanic or Non-Hispanic.

Spanish, Vietnamese, and French.

Top 3 Non-English Languages in Louisiana (2023)

The conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, worship, and age that influence healthcare outcomes, economic stability, and well-being.

Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) 6