Bio 1 #2 Organ Systems

What is the system of the Eleven Organ Systems?

Each organ system has its own role, but all of the systems depend on one another to keep the body functioning.

What is the main importance of the integumentary system?

It forms the body's outer covering and protects the body from the environment.

What are the main parts of the integumentary system?

Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and oil glands.

What are the functions of the integumentary system

controls body temperature, removes certain wastes, helps produce vitamin D, and allows sensations such as touch, pain, heat, and cold

What is the importance of the skeletal system?

provides the body's framework while protecting organs and assisting with movement.

What are the main parts of the skeletal system?

Bones, joints, and cartilage

What are the main functions of the skeletal system?

Supports the body, Protects internal organs, Provides attachment points for muscles, Helps with movement

• Produces blood cells through cells found in bones

• Stores minerals and fat.

What is the overall goal of the muscular system?

creates movement and helps maintain posture and body temperature.

What are the three types of muscle

Skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle

What are the functions of the muscular system?

Produces movement, helps maintain posture, and generates heat

What is the importance of the nervous system?

detects changes and quickly sends information throughout the body so the body can respond

What are the main parts of the nervous system listed in the notes?

Brain, spinal cord, nerves, eyes, and ears

What are the main functions of the nervous system?

• Controls and coordinates body activities.

• Detects changes inside and outside the body.

• Processes the information it receives.

• Produces responses such as muscle movement or gland secretion.

What are the main parts of the endocrine system

• Pituitary gland

• Thyroid gland

• Adrenal glands

• Pancreas

• Ovaries

• Testes

• Other hormone-producing glands

What are hormones?

Chemical messengers released by endocrine glands that travel through the blood to affect specific target tissues or organs.

What is the main function of the endocrine system?

It uses hormones to regulate activities throughout the body.

What is the main function/importance of the cardiovascular system?

It transports blood throughout the body to deliver needed substances and remove wastes.

What are the main parts of the cardiovascular system?

Heart, blood, and blood vessels

What does the heart do?

The heart pumps blood.

What does blood deliver?

Oxygen and nutrients

What does blood carry away?

Carbon dioxide and wastes

What else does the cardiovascular system help regulate and protect?

It helps regulate temperature, water levels, and acid-base balance, helps defend against disease, and helps repair damaged blood vessels

What is the easy reminder for the cardiovascular system?

Cardiovascular = Transportation.

What is the importance of the lymphatic and immunity system?

It helps maintain fluid balance and provides protection against disease

What are the main parts of the lymphatic and immunity system?

• Lymphatic fluid

• Lymphatic vessels

• Lymph nodes

• Spleen

• Thymus

• Tonsils

• B cells

• T cells

What are the other functions of the lymphatic system?

It returns fluid and proteins to the blood, transports certain fats, provides locations where immune cells develop and multiply, and helps protect against disease-causing microorganisms.

What is the easy reminder for the lymphatic system?

Lymphatic = Fluid Balance + Defense.

What are the main parts of the respiratory system

• Lungs

• Pharynx

• Larynx

• Trachea

• Bronchial tubes

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

It brings oxygen into the blood, removes carbon dioxide, helps maintain acid-base balance, and helps produce sounds.

What is the easy reminder for the respiratory system?

Respiratory = Oxygen In + CO₂ Out

What are the main parts of the digestive system?

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anuus, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

What are the functions of the digestive system?

It breaks food down physically and chemically, absorbs nutrients, and removes solid waste.

What is the importance of the urinary system?

it removes wastes and helps keep the body's fluids and blood chemistry balanced.

What are the functions of the urinary system

It produces, stores, and removes urine; removes wastes from the blood; helps regulate blood volume; maintains mineral levels; maintains acid-base balance; and helps regulate red blood cell production.

What are the main parts of the urinary system?

Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

What is the importance of the reproductive system

It produces reproductive cells and hormones and contains the structures needed for reproduction.

What are the main female reproductive structures

Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, and mammary glands

What are the main male reproductive structures

Testes, epididymides, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, and penis

What are gametes?

Reproductive cells used in reproduction

What is the male gamete?

Sperm

What is the female gamete?

Oocyte

What else do the gonads produce?

They produce hormones involved in reproduction

How Organ Systems Work Together

One system does something, another system benefits → the body works as a whole.