A&P Skin

list the three layers of skin

epidermis, dermis, hypodermis (subcutaneous layer) #1

describe the 3 ways skin provides protection

chemical - sweat - flushes bacteria off skin, sebaceous gland, melanin. Physical - layers of skin to protect against bacteria. Biological - white blood cells eat bacteria

what is excretion

waste materials are eliminated from sweating

describe the 3 ways skin regulates temperature

sweating - loss of excess body heat vasoconstriction - blood goes inwards (pale) vasodiliation - blood goes outwards (red)

what is cutaneous sensation

nerve receptors detect sensations, allowing the body to be aware of these stimuli

why is vitamin D synthesis important

for absorbtion of calcium

what parts of the body have a 5th layer and what is it called

stratum lucidum, in palms and soles

Which layers are alive and which are dead

bottom layers are alive and top layers are dead

why do the top layers die

there is no blood to supply nutrients

where are keratinocytes and what do they do

stratum granulosum and stratum corneum produce keratin to be tough and waterproof

where are melanocytes and what do they do

stratum basale layer, produce skin pigments called melanin

be able to list the 5 accessory organs of the dermis

hair, arrrection pili muscle, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and nails

describe hair and what it does

made of keratinized cells, insulated, sensitivity of skin, and blocks dirt out of eyes and nose, and sun out of eyes

what is an arrector pili muscle and what does it do

made of skeletal muscle, wrinkles skin and arrector hair (goosebumps)

what do sebaceous glands produce and what does this substance do

produces sebum (oil) to prevent bacterial colonization

what layers are damaged from a 1st degree burn

epidermis

what layers of skin are damaged from a 2nd degree burn

epidermis and dermis

what layers of skin are damaged from a 3rd degree burn

epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)

what are symptoms of a 1st degree burn

red and dry skin

what are symptoms of a 2nd degree burn

pain, swelling and blisters

what are symptoms of a 3rd degree burn

loss of skin, blackened

which type of skin cancer is most dangerous and why

melanoma because it is closest to the blood vessel and can easily metastasize

what cells do basal cell carcinoma affect

basal layer of epidermis

what cells do squamous cell carcinoma affect

squamous cells

what cells do melanoma affect

melanocites

be able to label a layer of skin

______