ANTR 350 - Learning Objectives Unit 3

artery that supplies the anterior chest wall and breast tissue

internal thoracic and internal mammary

artery that supplies the heart

left and right coronary artery

artery that supplies the left head and neck

left common carotid artery

artery that supplies left upper limb

left subclavin artery

artery that supplies the posterior thoracic body wall

posterior intercostal

artery that supplies right head and neck

right common carotid artery

artery that supplies right upper limb

right subclavin artery

vein that drains the left head and neck

left internal jugular

vein that drains the left upper limb

left subclavin

veins that drain the right head and neck

right internal jugular

veins that drain the right upper limb

right subclavin

azygo system of veins

drains the posterior body wall

drainst o the superior vena cava

left and right renal arteries

kidney

left and right external iliac arteries

lower limb

left and right ovarian arteries

ovary

left and right testicular arteries

testis

left and right internal iliac artery

pelvic and gluteal region

celiac trunk artery

foregut abdominal organs

superior mesenteric artery

midgut abdominal organs

inferior mesenteric artery

hindgut abdominal organs

hepatic portal venous system

nutrient rich blood to liver

caval venous system

all other veins in the body

left and right reenal veins

kidney

left and right external iliac veins

lower limb

left and right ovarian veins

ovaries

left and right testicular veins

testes

left and right internal iliac vein

pelvic and gluteal region

splencic vein

foregut abdominal organs

superior mesenteric veins

midgut abdominal organs

inferior mesenteric vein

hindgut abdominal organs

hepatic portal vein

splenchcic vein where ther inferior mesesntieric drains into and hten the splenchic and superior mesenteric vein combine ot make the hepatic portal vein

hepatic vein

drains blood from the liver to the inferior vena cava

hepatic portal system veins

• splenic

• superior mesenteric vein

• inferior mesenteric vein

• heaptic (protal vein)

caval system veins

• common iliac

• gonadal

• hpeatic

• inferior vena cava

• renal

mediastinum

centrally in thorax between right/left cavities

contains: heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus

systemic circulation

• aorta

• inferior vena cava

• left atrium

• left ventricle

• superior vena cava

pulmonary circulation

• pulmonary arteries

• pulmonary trunk

• pulmonary veins

• right atria

• right ventricles

layers of pericardial sac from superifical to deep

• fibrous pericardium

• parietal layer of serous cavity

• pericardial cavity

• visceral layer of serous pericardium

• heart

layers pericardial cavity is between

• parietal layer of serous pericardium

• visceral layer of serous pericardium

fibrous pericardium

anhcors the heart and prevents overfilling of hte chambers

serous pericardium

parietal and visceral layers create a sac which contain serous fluid which lubricates the heart

pericarditis

inflammation of the pericardium, cause fluid accumulaiton in pericardial cavity

pericardial effusion

slow accumulation of fluid wihtin pericardial cavity

cardiac tamponade

rapid, sudden accumulation of fluid that impedes hearts ability to pump

apex of the heart

tip of left ventricle

base of the heart

left atrium

3 vessels that drain into right atrium and the regions of the body they drain

• superior vena cava: drains all structures superior to thoracic diaphragm

• inferior vena cava: drains structures inferior to thoracic diaphragm

• coronary sinus: drains the cardiac muscle itself

why is the left ventricle thicker

pumps blood to all structures of the body

tricuspid (right atrioventricular) valve

right atrium to right ventricle

pulmonary (semilunar) valve

right ventricle to pulmonary trunk

bicuspid (left anteroventricular) valve

left atrium to ventricle

aortic (semilunar) valve

left ventricle to aorta

chordae tendinae

prevents eversion of the cusps

cusps

prevent backflow of blood between atria and ventricle

paillary muscle

pull on chordae tendinae opening the valve

semilunar valve

ensure one way flow from ventricles to pulmonary/systemic circuit

aortic valve location of ausculation

right 2nd intercostal space, along sternal border

mitral valve (bicuspid) location of ausculation

left 5th intercostal space on midclavicular line

pulomonary semilunar valve location of ausculation

left 2nd intercostal space, along sternal border

tricuspid valve point of ausculation

left 5th intercostal space along sternal border

valve prolapse

excessviely floppy valve, improper closure leading to backflow of blood

valve stenosis

decrease in valve flexibility, limits amount of blood flow

blood flow starting in the superior vena cava

superior vena cava → right atrium → tricuspid valve → right ventricle → pulmonary valve → pulmonary trunk → pulmonary artery → lungs → pulmonary veins → left atrium → bicuspid valve → left ventricle → aortic valve → ascending aorta → aorta arch → body

high or low oxygen: aortic arch

high

high or low oxygen: ascending aorta

high

high or low oxygen: inferior vena cava

low

high or low oxygen: left atrium

high

high or low oxygen: left ventricle

high

high or low oxygen: pulmonary arteries

low

high or low oxygen: pulmonary trunk

low

high or low oxygen: pulmonary veins

high oxygen

high or low oxygen: superior vena cava

low

high or low oxygen: right atrium

low

high or low oxygen: right ventricle

low

foramen ovale

small hole in the intertrial septum in fetuses, allows blood ot flow from right ot left atrium, oxygenation by lungs is unneeded

fossa ovalis

closed foramen ovale after birth

patent foramen ovale

formane ovale remains open, leads to blood flwoing between atria and mixing oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

cardiac cycle

process of pumping blood through the heart

systole

contraction

diastole

relaxation

atrial systole + ventricular diastole

AV valves are open, semilunar valves are closed

atrial diastole + ventricular systole

AV valves are closed, semilunar valves are open

right coronary artery supplies…

• right atrium

• SA node

• AV node

• interatrial septum

• right ventrincle

left coronary artery supplies…

• left atrium

• left ventricle

• interventricular septum

occlusion

blockage of coronary arteries

ischemia

low to no blood supply to the heart

myocardial infarction

heart attack

3 veins that drain into the coronary sinus

great cardiac vein, middle cardiac vein, small cardiac vein

artery and vein on the: coronary groove

arteries: left and righ coronary arteries

veins: coronary sinus

artery and vein on the: right margin of hte heart

artery: right marginal artery

vein:small cardiac vein

artery and vein on the: posterior interventricular groove

artery: posterior interventricular artery

vein: middle cardiac vein