Common Polyatomic Ions and Naming Patterns

Vocabulary flashcards covering common polyatomic ions, their chemical formulas, charges, and systematic nomenclature rules.

Ammonium

The common positive polyatomic ion with the formula $NH_4^+$ and a charge of $+1$.

Hydroxide

A polyatomic ion with the formula $OH^-$ and a charge of $-1$.

Nitrate

A polyatomic ion with the formula $NO_3^-$ and a charge of $-1$.

Nitrite

A polyatomic ion with the formula $NO_2^-$ and a charge of $-1$.

Acetate

A polyatomic ion with the formula $C_2H_3O_2^-$ and a charge of $-1$.

Cyanide

A polyatomic ion with the formula $CN^-$ and a charge of $-1$.

Permanganate

A polyatomic ion with the formula $MnO_4^-$ and a charge of $-1$.

Hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate)

A polyatomic ion with the formula $HCO_3^-$ and a charge of $-1$.

Carbonate

A polyatomic ion with the formula $CO_3^{2-}$ and a charge of $-2$.

Sulfate

A polyatomic ion with the formula $SO_4^{2-}$ and a charge of $-2$.

Sulfite

A polyatomic ion with the formula $SO_3^{2-}$ and a charge of $-2$.

Chromate

A polyatomic ion with the formula $CrO_4^{2-}$ and a charge of $-2$.

Dichromate

A polyatomic ion with the formula $Cr_2O_7^{2-}$ and a charge of $-2$.

Peroxide

A polyatomic ion with the formula $O_2^{2-}$ and a charge of $-2$.

Phosphate

A polyatomic ion with the formula $PO_4^{3-}$ and a charge of $-3$.

Phosphite

A polyatomic ion with the formula $PO_3^{3-}$ and a charge of $-3$.

-ate suffix pattern

A naming pattern designating an ion that has one more oxygen than the -ite form while maintaining the same charge.

Per- prefix pattern

A naming pattern meaning that the ion contains more oxygen than the corresponding -ate form.

Hypo- prefix pattern

A naming pattern meaning that the ion contains less oxygen than the corresponding -ite form.

Perchlorate

A chlorine-containing polyatomic ion with the formula $ClO_4^-$ and a charge of $-1$.

Chlorate

A chlorine-containing polyatomic ion with the formula $ClO_3^-$ and a charge of $-1$.

Chlorite

A chlorine-containing polyatomic ion with the formula $ClO_2^-$ and a charge of $-1$.

Hypochlorite

A chlorine-containing polyatomic ion with the formula $ClO^-$ and a charge of $-1$.

Polyatomic Ion

Multiple Atoms bonded together with a charge

Example: NO-3 (nitrate)

Monatomic ion

One atom with one charge

Example: Na+ (sodium)