SLA quiz chapters 6, not seven

Pragmatic competence

The ability to understand and use language appropriately according to context, social relationships, and cultural expectations. e.g  Understanding that "Can you pass the salt?" is a request, not a question about ability.

Academic Competence

The language knowledge needed for educational purposes, the competence for learners who want to use L2 primarily to learn learn about other subjects or as a tool scholarly research or occupational fields

Interpersonal Competence

Knowledge required of learners who plan to use the L2 primarily in face to face contact with other speakers (everyday social communication)

Cohesion

The linguistic devices that connect parts of a text together, Creates smooth and logical communication within discourse, e.g however therefore, because , this, these

Genre

Conventionalized categories and types of discourse, a particular type of spoken or written communication with recognised features. e.g Essays, Reports, Emails, Job interviews, Academic articles

Bottom-up processing

Achieving interpretation and production of language meaning, through prior knowledge of the language system and of physical cues e.g Sounds → Words → Sentences → Meaning (building meaning)

Top- Down processing

Achieving interpretation and production of language meaning through prior knowledge of content, context and culture, this process may allow learner to guess the meaning of words they have not encountered before, and to make some sense out of larger chunks of written and oral text ( interpret meaning)

Context

Knowledge based on what has already been read or heard in a specific text or situation, as well as an understanding of what the writers or speakers intentions are, and the overall structure of the discourse pattern being used

Schemas

Mental structures that map the expected patterns of objects and events e.g Your "restaurant schema" includes: menus, waiters, ordering food, paying bills

Speech Acts

Actions performed through language e.g Requesting, Apologising, Complimenting, Refusing, Thanking

Example:

"I'm sorry."

This speech act performs an apology.

Contextualization cues

Clues that help us understand what someone really means, not just what they literally say e.g tone of voice (sarcasm), facial expressions, body language

Communication strategies

Techniques used when learners lack linguistic knowledge, in their L2 language e.g Paraphrasing, Asking for repetition, Using gestures, Circumlocution