Cossack Ukraine / Hetmanate: Political History and Notable Figures

1648 - 1764 - Cossack Hetmanate (All Facts)

• Cossacks were an intrepid brotherhood that lived for fighting

• They raided in their light vessels for the Holy Roman Empire as far as the coast of Anatolia

• They marched for the Tsar of Russia against Poland

• They marched for Poland against Russia

Zaporozhian Cossacks (All Facts)

1648 - 1657 - Bohdan Khmelnytsky (All Facts)

• Ukrainian Cossack Military Leader

• Well-to-do Cossack who quarreled with a member of the Polish nobility over a girl

  • Unable to obtain just from the authorities, he raised the standard

• He led the Cossack Revolution and founded the Cossack Hetmanate of Ukraine

  • He was joined by thousands of Orthodox peasants who banked on the Cossack soldiers to free them from their Polish Catholic landlords

  • He and his Cossack forces murdered Jewish citizens of the Cossack Hetmanate / Cossack Ukraine

• He and his Cossack forces allied with Tsar Alexis and his Russian forces and defeated John II Casimir Vasa and his Polish-Lithuanian forces in the Second Russo-Polish War

  • He eventually abandoned the fickle Tartar alliance and put himself under Russian protection, representing a belated victory for Cossack Ukraine

    • Thus, three years before the end of his reign, Ukraine came under Russian domination

    • Thus, he ensured that Ukraine was protected under Russia, as up until that point it was part of Poland-Lithuania

1665 - 1676 - Petro Doroshenko (All Facts)

• Cossack Hetman of the Cossack Hetmanate

  • He acheived this when Michał Korybut Wiśniowieck and Poland-Lithuania was forced to sign the Treaty of Buchach, by which they recognized the namesake a ssole hetman of the Cossacks

• During his reign,

  • He made alliances with the Ottoman Empire and the Crimean Khanate to secure Cossack Hetmanate independence from both Poland and Russia

  • He and his Cossack forces, along with his Ottoman and Crimean allied forces, were defeated by John III Sobeiski and his Polish-Lithuanian forces in the Polish-Cossack-Tatar War

1687 - 1709 - Ivan Mazepa (All Facts)

• Hetman of the Zaporozhian Host of Ukraine

• He and his Cossack forces, along with Tsar Peter and his Russian forces, defeated King Charles XII and his Swedish and Cossack forces in the Battle of Poltava during the Great Northern War