mmb block 4

Log Phase Culture

exponential growth

Thermophiles

Higher temperatures above 45C ex hot springs

Mycoplasma

bacteria that lack a cell wall

Dark Field Microscopes

Used for pale and thin living objects; specimens bright on dark background

Flagellar

Bind to flagellum

Special Stains

Negative (capsule) stain, flagellar, fluorescent

Biological macromolecules 4 types

lipid, protein, carbohydrate, nucleic acid

Chemoautotroph

Energy source: inorganic chemical compounds& carbon source: carbon dioxide

Psychrophiles

super cold 15-below 0C

Photoheterotroph

Energy source: light & carbon source: organic compound

Unit of measurement for bacteria

micrometer

Glycolysis

glucose turns into pyruvate: 2 NADH, 2 ATP, and 2 pyruvate are produced

Fungi

Yeasts, molds, eukaryotic

Differential media

used to distinguish between different types of bacteria based on biochemical properties

Bright-field microscopy

Most frequently used, simple and compound

Gram-Negative

Thin pep layers, outer bilayer membrane with LPS and porins; LPS = endotoxins; pink  after alcohol and safranin)

Francesco Redi

Disproved spontaneous generation of flies from meat

Resolution/resolving power

Closest you can get two objects and still see them as separate, smaller distance

Peptidoglycan

Cell wall of bacteria, composed of alternating units of  NAG and NAM, linked by amino acids

ATP equivalents from one turn of Krebs

12

Axial filaments

 responsible for motility of spirochetes

RBC in hypertonic solution

water flows out, crenation