Phys Exam 3

Cardio system job

move gases

Residual Volume

gas always left in system

Expiratory reserve

gas left after normal expiration

Resting tidal volume

gas after normal intake

inspiratory reserve

maximum intake possible

vital capacity

expiratory reserve plus resting tidal volume plus inspiratory reserve

heme

iron centered molecule that connects to oxygen and globin chain

hemoglobin

4 hemoglobin chains

myoglobin

1 globin chain

blood refreshes

every 90 days

gamma globin

beta globin in fetuses

hyperbolic

round curve, uncooperative myoglobin

sigmoidal

s curve, cooperative hemoglobin

Bohr effect

affinity for oxygen decreases as pH decreases and hemoglobin decreases as CO2 partial pressure increases

“P'“ on ECG

atrial systole

“QRS” on ECG

isovolumetric contraction

“T” on ECG

ventricular ejection

after “T” on ECG

isovolumetric relaxation and ventricular filling

Sinoatrial node

nerve in atrium

A-V node

nerve at bottom of atrium

A-V bundle

nerves passing signal to ventricles

R/L bundle branch

nerves on vesicles

lub

first heart sound, AV valve closes

dub

second heart sound, close aortic and pulmonary valve

total fluid energy

potential + kinetic + gravity

Lymphatic system

part of circulatory and immune system

bone marrow job

T-cell production, B-cell maturation, Where red blood cells are made

Thymus job

T-cell maturation

Spleen job

produce antibodies

lymph nodes job

organize lymphoid tissue

Canine Saliva

no amaylase

feline salvia

no amylase

swine salivia

amylase

poultry salvia

amylase

equine saliva

amylase and bicarbonate

bovine saliva

amylaze and lipase

urinary system

separate from digestive system

diuresis

water moving

glomerulus

filter, 12.5 kilodaltons for filtration

PCT

reabsorb ions, water, nutrients

DLH

aquaporine allow water reabsorption

ALH

reabsorb Na and Cl

DCT

secrete and absorb ions only

collecting duct

reabsorb solutes and water

functional unit of urinary system

nephron

excreation

filtration - reabsorption + secreation

creatine

asess kidney function

GFR

glomerular filtration rate

amphibian nephron

no loop of henle, intermediate segment instead

bowman’s capsule

holds glomerulus

afferent arteriole

entering part of blood vessel

efferent arteriole

included part of blood vessel

uric acid

released due to low H2O, high energy use

urea

released due to normal H20, medium energy use

ammonia

released due to high H2O, low energy use

countercurrent multiplication

osmosis in loop of henle

podocyte

epithelial lining bowman’s capsule

blood pressure

blood pushes on capsule, ^

colloid osmotic pressure

capsule pushes on blood, v

capsuler fluid hydrostatic pressure

fluid pushes on blood, v

filtration pressure

net pressure of glomerulus, ideally 1