French

common gender of words ending in -tion

fem

common gender of words ending in -ure

fem

common gender of words ending in -ière

fem

common gender of words ending in -ment

masc

common gender of words ending in -age

masc

common gender of words ending in -eau

masc

é vs è/ê pronunciation

é → ‘ay’, è/ê → ‘eh’

DR & MRS VANDERTRAMPP (être verbs)

devenir, revenir, mourir, rentrer, sortir, venir, aller, naître, descendre, entrer, rester, tomber, retourner, arriver, monter, passer, partir

past participle: devenir

devenu(e), to become

past participle: revenir

revenu(e), to come back (movement to where speaker is, here)

past participle: mourir

mort(e), to die

past participle: retourner

retourné(e), to go back (movement away from where speaker is, there)

past participle: sortir

sorti(e), to go out

past participle: venir

venu(e), to come

past participle: arriver

arrivé(e), to arrive

past participle: naître

né(e), to be born

past participle: descendre

descendu(e), to go down

past participle: entrer

entré(e), to enter

past participle: rentrer

rentré(e), to go home/inside

past participle: tomber

tombé(e), to fall

past participle: rester

resté(e), to stay

past participle: aller

allé(e), to go

past participle: monter

monté(e), to go up

past participle: partir

parti(e), to leave

past participle: passer

passé(e), to pass/spend time

using days of the week in sentences

• all masculine (prochain/dernier/le)

• last monday → lundi/lundi dernier

• this monday → lundi

• next monday → lundi prochain

• on mondays → le lundi

beaucoup d…

‘de’ never ‘des’

“things to do”

choses à faire

to study

étudier

finance/law

• LA finance

• LE droit

to take/to pass an exam

passer/réussir

laundry

lessive

to enjoy

profiter

‘I can’t wait’

j’ai (trop) hâte

in addition/besides

en plus

gender of seasons

masculine

forming imparfait

take nous form of present tense verb, remove -ons, add ending

je- ais

tu- ais

il/elle- ait

nous- ions

vous- iez

ils/elles- aient

imparfait exception

être: stem is ét-

-ger and -cer verbs in imparfait

• -ger, add ‘e’, ex. mangeais

• -cer, add ‘ç’, ex. commançais

dont need for -ions, -iez endings

when to use imparfait

background of the past (PC is for events in the past)

• habits (used to)

• descriptions (weather, age, feelings)

• something in progress when something else occurred