Exam 2 - ATI Questions

A nurse is reviewing dietary recommendations with a group of clients at a health fair. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

a “Fats should be 5% to 15% of daily calorie intake.”

b “Make protein 10% to 35% of total calories each day.”

c “Consume 1,500 mL of water from liquids and solids daily.”

d “The body needs 40 mg of iron each day.”

“Make protein 10% to 35% of total calories each day.”

A nurse is conducting a nutritional class on minerals and electrolytes. The nurse should include which of the following foods as a major source of magnesium?

a Tuna

b Tomatoes

c Eggs

d Oranges

tuna

A nurse is reviewing information with a client who has anemia about dietary intake of iron. Which of the following is a non-heme source of iron?

a Ground beef

b Dried beans

c Salmon

d Turkey

dried beans

A nurse is discussing health problems associated with nutrient deficiencies with a group of clients. Which of the following conditions is associated with a deficiency of vitamin C?

Select all that apply.

a Dysrhythmias

b Scurvy

c Pernicious anemia

d

Megaloblastic anemia

e

Bleeding gums

scurvy, bleeding gums

Match each substance with statement

Converted to glycogen and stored in liver and muscle tissue

Converted to triglycerides and stored in adipose tissue

Used to synthesize proteins

Used before glycogen and stored fat for growth and repair

ATP, Glucose, Amino acids, Fatty acids

ATP - used before

glucose - converted to glycogen

amino acids - synthesize proteins

fatty acids - converted to triglycerides

Match factors that increase/decrease BMR

Increases BMR

Decreases BMR

Age older than 60 years

Puberty

Prolonged stress

Hypothyroidism

Lactation

increase - puberty, stress lactation

decrease - 60+, hypothyroidism

A nurse is reviewing prescribed medications for newly admitted clients. Which of the following medications should the nurse recognize as types of medications that decrease the BMR?

Select all that apply.

a Epinephrine

b Levothyroxine

c Opioid

d Barbiturate

e Ephedrine sulfate

opioid and barbiturate

A nurse is caring for a client with negative nitrogen balance. Which of the following does the nurse recognize as possible causes of negative nitrogen balance?

Select all that apply.

a Critical illness

b Starvation

c Adolescence

d Trauma

e Pregnancy

critical illness, starvation, trauma

A nurse is caring for a client who is malnourished. Describe manifestations the nurse should expect to find on physical examination.

hair that is dry or brittle, dry patches on the skin, poor wound healing, muscle wasting, irregular cardiovascular measurements, enlarged spleen or liver, and general weakness

A nurse in a nutrition clinic is calculating body mass index (BMI) for several clients. The nurse should identify which of the following client BMI as overweight?

a 24

b 30

c 27

d 32

27

A nurse on an orthopedic unit is reviewing data for a client who sustained trauma in a motor-vehicle crash. Which of the following values indicates the client is in a catabolic state (using protein faster than protein is being synthesized)?

a Blood albumin 3.5 g/dL​​​​​​​

b Negative nitrogen balance

c BMI of 18.5

d Blood prealbumin 15 mg/dL

negative nitrogen balance

A nurse is teaching a group of clients about risk factors for developing osteoporosis. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include?

Select all that apply.

a Inactivity

b Family history

c BMI 30 or greater

d Hyperlipidemia

e Cigarette smoking

inactivity, family history, cigarette smoking

A nurse is conducting a nutrition class at a local community center. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

a Limit saturated fat to less than 10% of total daily intake.

b Good bowel function requires 35 g/day of fiber for females.

c Limit cholesterol consumption to 400 mg/day.

d Normal functioning cardiac systems depend on B-Complex vitamins

limit saturated fat to less than 10% of total daily intake

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who follows vegan dietary practices. The nurse should instruct the client that there is a risk of having a deficit in which of the following nutrients?

Select all that apply.

a Vitamin D

b Fiber

c Calcium

d Vitamin B12

e Whole grains

vitamin D, B12, calcium

A school nurse is teaching a group of students how to read food labels. Which of the following is a required component of food labels that the nurse should include in the teaching?

Select all that apply.

a Total carbohydrates

b Total fat

c Calories

d Magnesium

e Dietary fiber

total carbs, fat, calories, dietary fiber

A nurse is discussing essential nutrients for normal functioning of the nervous system with a client. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?

Select all that apply.

a Calcium

b Thiamin

c Vitamin B6

d Sodium

e Phosphorus

calcium, thiamin, sodium, vitamin B6

A nurse is teaching about norovirus to a group of adults at a local community center. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

a Use of hand sanitizer when handling foods will protect against norovirus.

b Clients who are pregnant are more susceptible to developing norovirus.

c Norovirus usually lasts 4 to 5 days.

d The onset of norovirus is 24 to 48 hours after exposure to the pathogen.

the onset of norovirus is 24-48 hours after exposure to the pathogen

A nurse is providing teaching about food allergies to a group of new parents. Infants who react to which of the following foods typically outgrow the sensitivity?

Select all that apply.

a Soy

b Wheat

c Cow’s milk

d Eggs

e Fish

soy and cow’s milk

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is to begin taking the MAOI selegiline. Consuming which of the following foods while taking this medication could cause a hypertensive crisis?

a Grapefruit juice

b Dark green vegetables

c Greek yogurt

d Smoked fish

smoked fish

A nurse is assisting a client with selecting food choices on a menu. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates ethnocentrism?

a Asking the client about some favorite food choices

b Notifying the dietitian to complete the menu

c Recommending one’s own favorite foods

d Asking the client’s family to fill out the menu

recommending one’s own favorite foods

A nurse is reviewing the effect of culture on nutrition during a staff in-service. Which of the following groups prescribes eating specific foods to balance forces in the body during illness?

Select all that apply.

a Asian culture

b African culture

c Roman Catholicism

d Buddhism

asian culture

A nurse educator is teaching a class on culture and food to a group of newly hired nurses. Which of the following statements by a nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching?

a “Most clients who practice Roman Catholicism do not drink caffeinated beverages.”

b “Most clients who practice orthodox Judaism do not eat meat with dairy products.”

c “Most clients who are Mormon eat only the protein of animals that are slaughtered under strict guidelines.”

d “Most clients who practice Hinduism do not eat dairy products.”

“Most clients who practice orthodox Judaism do not eat meat with dairy products.”

Which of these dietary laws are followed by those practicing Orthodox Judaism? 

Select all that apply.

a Meat cannot be eaten with dairy products

b Pork and pork products prohibited

c Partial or total fasting

d Beef is prohibited

e Alcohol is prohibited

f Ritual slaughter of animals

a, b, c, f

Which of these dietary laws are followed by those practicing Islam? 

Select all that apply.

a Meat cannot be eaten with dairy products

b Pork and pork products prohibited

c Partial or total fasting

d Beef is prohibited

e Alcohol is prohibited

f Ritual slaughter of animals

b, c, e, f

Which of these dietary laws are followed by those practicing Hinduism? 

Select all that apply.

a Meat cannot be eaten with dairy products

b Pork and pork products prohibited

c Partial or total fasting

d Beef is prohibited

e Alcohol is prohibited

f Ritual slaughter of animals

c, d

A nurse is teaching a group of clients who are pregnant about iron-rich foods. Which of the following foods should the nurse include?

Select all that apply.

a Beans

b Fish

c Dairy products

d Lean red meats

e Apples

beans, fish, lean red meats

A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant who has a lactose intolerance. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Select all that apply.

a Abdominal distention

b Flatus

c Hypoactive bowel sounds

d Occasional diarrhea

e Visible peristalsis

abdominal distention, flatus, occasional diarrhea

A nurse is educating the parents of a toddler about appropriate snack foods. Which of the following foods should the nurse include?

Select all that apply.

a Graham crackers

b Apple slices

c Raisins

d Jellybeans

e Cheese cubes

graham crackers, apple slices, cheese cubes

A school nurse is teaching a group of adolescents about healthy snack food choices. Which of the following foods should the nurse include?​​​​​​​​​

Select all that apply.

a Carrot sticks with low-fat dip

b Cheese and crackers

c Unbuttered popcorn

d French fries

e Hot dog

carrots, cheese/crackers, unbuttered popcorn

A nurse at a community center is providing nutrition counseling for a group of older adult clients. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Select all that apply.

a Increase protein to 50% of daily calories.

b The need for vitamins and minerals can increase.

c Up to 35% of daily calories should come from fat.

d At least 45% of daily calories should come from carbohydrates.

e Fruits and vegetables should make up one-third of each meal.

b, c, d

A nurse is caring for a client following an appendectomy who has a postoperative prescription that reads “discontinue NPO status; advance diet to clear liquids as tolerated.” Which of the following choices should the nurse offer the client?

Select all that apply.

a Applesauce

b Chicken broth

c Sherbet

d Wheat toast

e Cranberry juice

chicken broth, cranberry juice

A nurse is performing dietary needs assessments for a group of clients. For which of the following clients should the nurse plan to provide a blenderized liquid diet?

Select all that apply.

a A client who has a wired jaw due to a motor vehicle crash

b A client who is 24 hr postoperative following temporomandibular joint repair

c A client who has difficulty chewing due to oral surgery

d A client who has hypercholesterolemia due to coronary artery disease

e A client who is scheduled for a colonoscopy in the morning

a, b, c

A nurse is assisting a client who has a prescription for a mechanical soft diet with food selections. Which of the following are appropriate selections by the client?

Select all that apply.

a Dried prunes

b Ground turkey

c Mashed carrots

d Fresh strawberries

e Cottage cheese

b, c, e

A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive a Level 2 dysphagia diet due to a recent stroke. Which of the following dietary selections is most appropriate?

a Turkey sandwich

b Scrambled eggs

c Peanut butter crackers

d Granola

scrambled eggs

A nurse is discussing the use of a low-profile, or skin-level, gastrostomy device with the guardian of a child who is receiving an enteral feeding. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

a “The device is usually comfortable for children.”

b “Checking residual is much easier with this device.”

c “This access requires less maintenance than a traditional nasal tube.”

d “Mobility of the child is limited with this device.”

the device is usually comfortable for children

A nurse is teaching a client who is starting continuous feedings about the various types of enteral nutrition (EN) formulas. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?

a Formula rich in fiber is recommended when starting EN.

b Standard formula contains whole protein.

c Hydrolyzed formula is recommended for a full-functioning GI tract.

d The high-calorie formula has increased water content.

standard formula contains whole protein

A nurse is instructing a client about administering cyclic enteral feedings at home. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Select all that apply.

a “Give a feeding every 6 hours.”

b “Set the feeding up before you go to bed.”

c “Weigh yourself daily.”

d “Flush the tube with a carbonated beverage to dislodge clogs.”

e “Ensure your head is elevated to 15 degrees during administration.”

B, c

A nurse is preparing to administer intermittent enteral feedings to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Select all that apply.

a Fill the feeding bag with 24 hr worth of formula.

b Discard feeding equipment after 24 hr.

c Ensure the formula is at room temperature.

d Flush the feeding tube immediately following the feeding.

e Elevate the head of the client’s bed for 15 min after administration.

b, c, d

A nurse is administering bolus enteral feedings to a client who has malnutrition. Which of the following are appropriate nursing interventions?

Select all that apply.

a Verify the presence of bowel sounds.

b Flush the feeding tube with warm water.

c Elevate the head of the bed 20°.

d Administer the feeding at room temperature.

e Instill the formula over 60 min.

a, b, d

A charge nurse is providing information about fat emulsion added to total parenteral nutrition (TPN) to a group of nurses. Which of the following information should the charge nurse include?

Select all that apply.

a Concentration of lipid emulsion can be up to 30%.

b Adding lipid emulsion gives the solution a milky appearance.

c Check for allergies to soybean oil.

d Lipid emulsion prevents essential fatty acid deficiency.

e Lipids provide calories by increasing the osmolality of the PN solution.

a, b, c, d

A charge nurse is teaching a group of nurses about medication compatibility with TPN. Which of the following statements should the charge nurse make?

a “Use the Y-port on the TPN IV tubing to administer antibiotics.”

b “Regular insulin can be added to the TPN solution.”

c “Administer heparin through a port on the TPN tubing.”

d “Administer vitamin K IV bolus via a Y-port on the TPN tubing.”

regular insulin can be added to the TPN solution

A nurse is preparing to administer lipid emulsion and notes a layer of fat floating in the IV solution bag. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

a Shake the bag to mix the fat.

b Turn the bag upside down one time.

c Return the bag to the pharmacy.

d Administer the bag of solution as it is.

return bag to pharmacy

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving TPN through a central venous access device, but the next bag of solution is currently unavailable for administration. Which of the following is actions should the nurse take?

a Administer 20% dextrose in water IV until the next bag of solution is available.

b Slow the infusion rate of the current bag until the solution is available.

c Monitor for hyperglycemia.

d Monitor for hyperosmolar diuresis.

administer 20%…

A nurse is planning care for a client who has a new prescription for peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN). Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Select all that apply.

a Examine trends in weight loss.

b Review prealbumin finding.

c Administer an IV solution of 20% dextrose.

d Use IV tubing with a micron filter.

e Use an IV infusion pump.

a, b, d, e

A nurse is caring for a client who is transitioning to an oral diet following a partial laryngectomy. What are some actions the nurse should take to reduce the client’s risk for aspiration?

determining what level of diet they should have, allow adequate time for assisting the client to eat, rest before meals, and teach clients to tuck chin when swallowing.

A nurse is caring for several clients in an extended care facility. Which of the following clients is the highest priority to observe during meals?

a A client who has decreased vision

b A client who has Parkinson’s disease

c A client who has poor dentition

d A client who has anorexia

parkinson’s

A nurse is planning care for a client who has mechanical fixation of the jaw following a motorcycle crash. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?​​​​​​​

Select all that apply.

a Thicken liquids to honey consistency.

b Educate the client about the use of a nasogastric tube.

c Assist the client to use a straw to drink liquids.

d Ensure that the client receives ground meats.

e Encourage intake of fluids between meals.

c, e

A nurse is caring for multiple clients who are malnourished. The nurse should identify that  which of the following client conditions are associated with severe inflammation that can lead to malnutrition?

Select all that apply.

a Sepsis

b Cystic fibrosis

c Starvation

d Chronic kidney disease

e Third-degree burns

f Chronic alcohol use disorder

g AIDS

sepsis, third-degree burns

A nurse is preparing a presentation about complications of undernutrition and obesity. Sort the characteristics that are more likely associated with undernutrition and those more likely associated with obesity.

Undernutrition 

Obesity 

Stress urinary incontinence

Sleep apnea

Diarrhea

Increased risk of colon cancer

Intolerance to cold

Undernutrition  - Diarrhea, Intolerance to cold

Obesity - Stress urinary incontinence, Sleep apnea, increased risk of colon cancer

A nurse in a bariatric clinic is caring for a group of clients who are being evaluated for bariatric surgery. Which of the following clients does the nurse recognize as the most appropriate candidate for education about bariatric surgery?

a Client who has BMI of 27 and type 2 diabetes

b Client who has BMI of 34 and asthma

c Client who has BMI of 35 and osteoarthritis

d Client who has BMI of 38 and no obesity-related complications

Client who has BMI of 35 and osteoarthritis

A nurse is reviewing a client health record that includes a report of abdominal obesity and laboratory findings of elevated blood glucose and elevated triglycerides. The nurse should identify that these findings meet the criteria of which of the following conditions?

a Anemia

b Metabolic syndrome

c Heart failure

d Hypertension

metabolic syndrome

A community health nurse is assessing a client who reports numbness of the hands and feet for the past 2 weeks. The nurse should identify this finding as a manifestation of which of the following nutritional deficiencies?

a Folic acid

b Potassium

c Vitamin B₁₂

d Iron

Vitamin B₁₂

A nurse is teaching a client about high-fiber foods that can assist in lowering LDL. Which of the following foods should the nurse include?

Select all that apply.

a Beans

b Cheese

c Whole grains

d Broccoli

e Yogurt

a, c, d

A nurse is teaching a client about dietary recommendations to lower high blood pressure. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding?

a “My daily sodium consumption should be 3,000 milligrams.”

b “I should consume foods low in potassium.”

c “My limit is three cigarettes a day.”

d “I should consume low-fat dairy products.”

low-fat dairy products

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has vitamin B₁₂ deficiency. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to consume?

Select all that apply.

a Meat

b Flaxseed

c Beans

d Eggs

e Milk

meat, eggs, milk

A nurse is teaching a client who has constipation about a high-fiber diet. Which of the following food choices should the nurse include as containing the highest amount of fiber?

a Peanut butter

b Peeled apples

c Hardboiled egg

d Baked potato

baked potato

A nurse is assessing a client who is postoperative from a gastric bypass and who just finished eating a meal. Which of the following findings are manifestations of dumping syndrome?

Select all that apply.

a Bradycardia

b Dizziness

c Dry skin

d Hypotension

e Diarrhea

b, d, e

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Select all that apply.

a Steatorrhea

b Anemia

c Tarry stools

d Epigastric pain

e Swollen lymph nodes

b, c, d

A nurse is reviewing information about following a low-fat diet, with a client who is recovering from pancreatitis. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?

Select all that apply.

a Ribeye steak

b Oatmeal

c Ice cream

d Canned peaches

e Pretzels

b, d, e

A nurse is instructing a client who has celiac disease about foods to avoid. Which of the following foods should the nurse include?

a Potatoes

b Graham crackers

c Wild rice

d Canned pears

graham crackers

A nurse is teaching a client who has stage 2 chronic kidney disease about dietary management. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the instructions?

a Restrict protein intake.

b Maintain a high-phosphorus diet.

c Increase intake of foods high in potassium.

d Limit dairy products to 1 cup/day.

restrict protein intake

A nurse is planning care for a client who has ESKD. Which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Select all that apply.

a Monitor the client’s weight daily.

b Encourage the client to comply with fluid restrictions.

c Evaluate intake and output.

d Instruct the client on restricting calories from carbohydrates.

e Monitor for constipation.

abce

A nurse is teaching a client about protein needs when on dialysis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Select all that apply.

a Consume 1.0 to 1.2 g/kg/day to maintain body protein stores.

b Take phosphate binders when eating protein-rich foods.

c Calcium intake should be less than 800 mg/day

d Drink fluids that are at a room temperature

e Consume the majority of daily protein intake in the morning.

abc

A nurse is teaching about diet restrictions to a client who has acute kidney injury and is on hemodialysis. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching?

a Calorie intake of 20 to 30 cal/kg

b Decrease total fat intake to 45% of daily calories.

c Decrease potassium intake to 100 to 130 mEq/kg.

d Limit sodium intake to 4.5 g/day

calorie intake of 20-30 cal/kg

A nurse is completing discharge teaching about diet and fluid restrictions to a client who has a calcium oxalate-based kidney stone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

a Drink at least 2 L/day

b Decrease calcium intake to less than 400 mg/day

c Increase intake of vitamin C supplements.

d Limit consumption of purine substances.

drink at least 2L/day

A nurse is assessing a client who has hypoglycemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

a Fruity breath odor

b Diaphoresis

c Ketones in urine

d Polyuria

diaphoresis

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus and reports feeling shaky and weak. The client’s blood glucose is 53 mg/dL. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

a Provide subcutaneous insulin for the client.

b Offer the client 120 mL (4 oz) fruit juice.

c Give the client IV potassium.

d Administer IV sodium bicarbonate.

offer the client 120 mL (4 oz) fruit juice

The nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching with the client. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Select all that apply.

a Carbohydrates counting is vital to the meal planning approach.

b Use hydrogenated oils for cooking.

c Choose whole grains for choices of fiber.

d Eat something if choosing to drink alcohol.

e Never estimate portion sizes, always have an exact measuring tool.

acd

The nurse is reviewing the teaching session with the client.  Which of the following client statements indicates understanding?

a “I will avoid having snacks.”

b “I can’t eat anything containing sugar.”

c “I will eat a variety of different foods to get my daily carbohydrates.”

d “I will not eat more than 2,800 mg of sodium a day.”

c

A nurse is planning a community presentation on nutritional guidelines for cancer prevention. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the plan?

Select all that apply.

a Increase intake of foods high in vitamin A

b Consume cruciferous vegetables

c Increase intake of red meats

d Consume oils high in saturated fat

e Consume whole grains

abe

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has HIV. Which of the following findings are manifestations of HIV-associated muscle wasting?

a Weight gain of 10%

b Report of constipation

c Fever for 30 days

d Stomatitis

fever for 30 days

A nurse is teaching a client who is undergoing cancer treatment about interventions to manage stomatitis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching?

a “I will try chewing larger pieces of food.”

b “I will avoid toasting my bread.”

c “I will consume more food in the morning.”

d “I will add more citrus foods to my diet.”

avoid toasting bread