unit 3

__Cell Membrane__

thin, flexible barrier around the cell. Made of a lipid bilayer.

__Cell Wall__

strong layer around the cell membrane

__Nucleus__

large structure that contains the cells genetic material and controls the

                            Cells activities

__Cytoplasm__

the material inside the cell membrane but not including the nucleus

Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic cell have cell membranes, cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes

Eukaryotic Cells

Do contain a nucleus and also contain dozens of other specialized structures called organelles.

chloroplast, cell wall

Plant cells have a ---- and a----l which animal cells do not have.

lysosomes and centrioles

Animal cells have which plant cells do not.

__Chromatin__

granular material visible within the nucleus, which consists of DNA bound to protein

__Chromosomes__

chromatin condensed – contains genetic info

__Nucleolus__

small area in the nucleus which is where ribosomes begin to form

__Nuclear Envelope__

surrounds and protects the nucleus

__Ribosomes__

produces proteins using coded instructions that come from the

Nucleus in the form of RNA

__Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum__

lined with ribosomes for the assembly of

                                      Proteins. Produces vesicles for transport.

__Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum__

is not lined with ribosomes/ also provides

                                                                   Lipid synthesis. Releases enzymes to break

                                                                   Down drugs and harmful substances. Produces

                                                                   Vesicles for transport.

__Golgi Apparatus__

receives proteins from the rough ER, packages them by

                                          Adding carbohydrates and lipids, and then sends them to their

                                          Final destination. Where lysosomes are formed.

endoplasmic reticulums and the Golg

1)      Both ----- make up the endomembrane system, allowing for the transport of materials throughout the cell.

__Lysosomes__

small organelles filled with enzymes used for breaking down food

                                   And waste products (Not found in plant cells)

                                       1) Only animal cells have these, not plant cells

__Vacuoles__

used for storage of food, waste, and water

Plant cells have one large vacuole while animal cells have many smaller vacuoles

__Chloroplast__

contained only in cells that undergo photosynthesis

                                 - where the energy from sunlight is used to make glucose

__Mitochondria__

uses energy from food to make high energy compounds that the

                                       Cell will use for energy (Converts food-ATP)

cells

All living things are composed of

cells

are the basic units of structure and function in living things

existing cells

New cells are produced from existing cells