Developing Through the Lifespan (2)- L7

Kohlbergs theory (3 stages of moral development)

1. Pre-conventional morality

2. Conventional morality

3. Post-conventional morality

Preconventional morality

ages 4-10

avoid punishment or gain reward

Conventional morality

“law and order”

Post conventional morality

early adolescence/young adulthood

individual principles and conscience

Delay of gratification

ability to forego smaller immediate rewards for greater rewards later

ex, choice of 1 marshmallow nor 3 marshmallows in a few minutes

• ability to delay gratification—> positive social and academic outcomes

Stages 5-8 (adolescence through older adulthood)

5. Identity vs. confusion (adolescence)

6. Intimacy vs isolation (early adulthood)

7. Generatively vs stagnation (midlife)

8. Integrity vs despair (late life)

Identity vs confusion

adolescence

• stable sense of who one is and what ones values are or identity confusion

  • Identity- who am I? where do I belong?

Intimacy vs isolation

early adulthood

established enduring, committed relationships

Generativity vs stagnation

Generativity- generate things that contribute to the future of society

Stagnation- see life as meaningless

Integrity vs despair

Despair- disappointment, regret

Ego integrity- feeling that ones life has coherence and purpose

Socioemotional selectivity theory

model of social activity

• old age- smaller social network

• very lose relationship, maintained, superficial relationships filtered out

Death & Dying

older adults express les anxiety about or fear of death than middle aged adults

• children are grown and independent

• Socialized to possibility of death

  • less anxiety about death