SOUND

Wavelength

The distance travelled by the wave in one time period of vibration of a particle of medium.

Amplitude

The maximum displacement of a particle of medium on either side of its mean position.

Frequency

The number of vibrations produced by a particle of the medium in one second.

Time period

The time taken by a particle of medium to complete one vibration.

Longitudinal wave

A wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate about their mean positions in the direction of propagation of sound.

Sound propagation

The movement of sound waves through a medium such as air, liquid, or solid.

Compression

A region of high pressure in a sound wave where particles are close together.

Rarefaction

A region of low pressure in a sound wave where particles are further apart.

Loudness

The characteristic of sound that distinguishes loud sounds from faint sounds, dependent on the amplitude of vibrations.

Pitch

The characteristic of sound that differentiates between acute or shrill sounds and flat sounds, depending on the frequency.

Quality (Timbre)

The characteristic of sound that distinguishes one sound from another of the same pitch and loudness.

Decibel Scale

A logarithmic scale used to measure the intensity of sound, where 0 dB is the minimum audible sound.

Kinetic energy

The energy that a particle possesses due to its motion.

Potential energy

The stored energy of a particle due to its position or state.

Elasticity of medium

The property of a medium to return to its original shape after being deformed, affecting sound propagation.

Intensity of sound

The energy of sound reaching a unit area of surface each second.

Monotone

A sound with a single frequency.

Transverse wave

A wave in which the particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.

Tuning fork

A U-shaped metallic piece used to produce a specific frequency of sound.

Sound waves in air

Longitudinal waves that transfer sound energy through air particles.