protein structure and function

what are amino acids

the building blocks of proteins

how many amino acids are used for protein

20

what are the three groups amino acids can be put into

charged, uncharged polar, and uncharged nonpolar

what group is hydrophilic

charged and polar

what group is hydrophobic

nonpolar

how to monomers polymerize

through condensation reactions

what is the reverse action of condensation reactions

hydrolysis

are peptide bonds stable or unstable

unusually stable

is a peptide bond a double or singular bond

characteristics of a double bond

what is the r-group orientation used for in peptide bonds

the side chains extend out and can interact with each other or water

what is the free amino group

N-terminus

what is the carboxyl group

C-terminus

what is a chain of many amino acids

polypeptide

what is proteins secondary structure formed by

hydrogen bonds between certain amino acids

what does the teritary structure of a polypeptide result from

interactions between R-groups

what is the quaternary structure

the bonding of two or more distinct polypeptide subunits produces quaternary structure

what are proteins called that help other proteins fold correctly in cells

molecular chaperones

what are prions

improperly folded forms of normal proteins