Disrupted Homeostasis

This set of flashcards covers key concepts from the lecture on disrupted homeostasis, focusing on fluid-electrolyte balance, pathophysiology, nursing roles, and patient education.

What is disrupted homeostasis?

A state where the body fails to maintain proper internal balance or stability.

What are the mechanisms of fluid and electrolyte movement?

Diffusion, osmosis, and filtration.

What is fluid volume deficit (FVD)?

A negative fluid balance characterized by dehydration and volume depletion.

What are the symptoms of fluid volume excess (FVE)?

Polydipsia, edema, and potential organ dysfunction.

What are the roles of the nurse for a client with FVD?

Increase fluid and sodium intake, monitor vital signs and lab results.

What are common risk factors for fluid volume deficit?

GI loss, burns, excessive sweating, third-spacing, and certain disease states.

How can fluid imbalance impact overall health?

It can cause organ and tissue damage, multi-organ failure, and affect morbidity.

What is the pathophysiology of hyponatremia?

Characterized by low sodium levels which can occur in hypo-, eu-, or hypervolemic states.

What assessment findings would indicate hyperkalemia?

Musculoskeletal weakness, cardiovascular changes, and neurovascular symptoms.

What clinical presentations are associated with metabolic acidosis?

Confusion, lethargy, and potential shock.

How does the body's acid/base imbalance affect health?

It can lead to cardiovascular and neurological issues, depending on the condition.

What should a nurse monitor in a patient with respiratory acidosis?

Monitor ABGs, respiratory status, and signs of oversedation.

How do you interpret lab results for fluid imbalances?

You look for signs of electrolyte disorders, dehydration, or fluid overload.

What is the role of the nurse in managing hypercalcemia?

Encourage physical activity, hydration, and educate about calcium restrictions.

What education should be provided to patients with electrolyte imbalances?

Dietary recommendations, recognizing symptoms of imbalance, and managing medications.

What is one impact of age on electrolyte balance?

Older adults are at increased risk for both hypo- and hypernatremia.