16+17

Who was responsible for the following speech? What is the title of the speech? Why was it given? “Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal”.

Abraham Lincoln; Gettysburg Address; It was to dedicate cemetery to those who lost their lives in the battle at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

What was known as the “peculiar institution” during the mid-1800s?

Slavery

Why were conditions for most slaves somewhat livable?

They were very expensive property

Which American philosopher made the statement that “Mexico will poison us”?

Ralph Waldo Emerson

What did the South call the American Civil War?

The War for Southern Independence, War of Northern Aggression

What did the Civil War do to the power of the Federal Government?

It increased the power and supremacy of the Union by ending slavery and creating the 13, 14, 15 Amendments

Which founding father said the following, “Indeed I tremble for my country whenI reflect that God is just; that his justice cannot sleep forever.”

Thomas Jefferson

What would have been the consequence if Thomas Jefferson or George Washington had freed all of their slaves during their lifetimes?

They would not have been able to afford their lifestyles and probably would not have been important contributors to the creation of our country.

How much did an average slave hand cost a Southerner?

$1,200 or about $25,000 in current dollars

Why will very few Europeans move to the South prior to the Civil War?

The competition for work by the institution of slavery. Slavery really hurt the South and it’s growth of industry.

Why would Blacks who owned slaves fight for the South during the Civil War?

They had worked hard to free themselves and now they own slaves which are expensive and a sign of success in the South.

What percentage of white southerners owned slaves or belonged to a slave owning family?

25%

Why did the “poor white trash” want slavery to continue in the South?

At least there was someone else in a lower class than themselves.

Why were Northern Blacks especially hated by the pick-and-shovel Irish immigrants in the mid-1800s?

They competed for menial jobs

Why did white southerners potentially have warmer feelings towards blacks than their Northern counterparts?

Most every white southerner was raised by a Black nanny. Such a dichotomy in the South!!!

What is meant by the term chattel property?

Movable slave property

What was the name given to the offspring of a white master and their female slave?

Mulatto

By what standard were you judged to be African American?

If you had one drop of blood

What practice will abolitionist decry and Harriet Beecher Stowe exploit in her book Uncle Tom’s Cabin?

The break up of the family when selling slaves on the block.

What marriage vow was sometimes proclaimed at the wedding of two slaves?

Until death or distance do you part.

Who was Demark Vesey?

A free black who led a revolt in Charleston in 1822 unsuccessfully. He and thirty followers will be hanged.

What was the purpose of the American Colonization Society of 1817?

Move the slaves back to Liberia.

By 1860 virtually all southern slaves were (sort of) and no connection to Africa.

American born slaves

Why did American abolitionists take heart in 1833?

The British freed their slaves in the West Indies

Which movement in the mid 1800s inflamed the hearts of many abolitionists against the sin of slavery?

Second Great Awakening

Who had a great influence on Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) with his own pamphlet American Slavery As It Is (1839)?

Theodore Dwight Weld

This man published the newspaper “The Liberator” and was a radical abolitionist.

William Lloyd Garrison

In 1833, what abolitionist Society was formed with the publisher in #34?

American Anti-Slavery Society

She was an abolitionist who spellbound her audiences with her deep, resonant voice and the religious passion with which she condemned the sin of slavery.

Sojourner Truth

What was the name of Henry Clay’s cousin who was an abolitionist?

Cassius Clay (Muhammad Ali’s original name)

Who was considered the greatest of the black abolitionists prior to the Civil War?

Fredrick Douglass

Which parties did the abolitionists back in 1840, 1848, and the 1850s?

Liberty, Free Soil Party, Republicans

Where was the Mason-Dixon line?

Between Pennsylvania and Maryland

Which slave rebellion took place in 1831 which sent a wave of hysteria over the South?

Nat Turner

What doctrine will be used to possibly not follow any federal laws concerning the emancipation of slaves?

Nullification

What did Southern whites say about the treatment of workers in the North?

Wage slaves, sweated women and stunted children

What resolution will be passed in the House of Representatives in 1836 to stop any debate on the issue of slavery?

Gag rule

Why did Northern banks want slavery to continue?

Many Southerners had great sums of money in loans in northern banks.

Which Presbyterian minister will be killed in 1837 for his radical stance on slavery?

Elijah Lovejoy

Most Americans were against the abolition of slavery, but what issue will most begin to back in the 1850s concerning slavery?

Opposed the extending of slavery into the western territories.

Because of their stance on slavery many of the people who will move to the West will be nicknamed ? This will become a third-party in US politics and will merge into the Republicansin 1854.

Free Soilers

President Harrison was said to be hounded to death by Whig spoilsmen. What is a spoilsman?

A person seeking an appointment from the president because of their support in the presidential election.

Why did President Harrison catch pneumonia?

He had a two-hour inaugural speech in the dead of winter w/o an overcoat.

Who was considered the uncrowned king of the Whigs in the Senate?

Henry Clay

What is unique about William Harrison’s presidency?

Shortest—1 month

Who was President Harrison’s Secretary of State?

Daniel Webster

What political party was Harrison part of?

Whigs

Who coined the phrase manifest destiny? When (Earliest known use of the term)?

John L. O’Sullivan, 1845

What was the campaign slogan for President Harrison?

“Tippecanoe and Tyler too”

Which future amendment (after 4 presidential assassinations) was created to clear up the question when a president died that the VP becomes the President of the United States?

25th Amendment

Why was John Tyler placed on the Presidential ticket in 1840?

To attract the vote of the fringe groups in the South.

How was Tyler different from Harrison?

Tyler was more true to Democratic Party principles. He was a Democrat in Whigs clothing!

What did Tyler do when Henry Clay tried to have Congress create a centralized bank?

He vetoed the measure twice

What did the Whigs start to call John Tyler in spite?

“His Accidency” and an “Executive Ass”

What were the tariffs rates lowered to in 1841?

32 percent on dutiable goods

What caused the “Aroostook War” in 1846?

Land dispute between the British and American Lumberjacks in the Maine/Canadian area.

Which man is responsible for solving the problems which arose in the Aroostook War? What isthe name of the treaty?

Daniel Webster—Secretary of State; Webster-Ashburton treaty

Which country wanted an independent Texas in 1836? Why?

Britain. They didn’t want to have to deal with the American tariffs, but wanted the advantages which Texas could offer.

Who will be elected in 1844 upsetting the Whigs?

James K. Polk

Which president deserves much of the credit for shepherding Texas into the fold of the US?

John Tyler

How did he do this in #19?

He arranged for annexation by a joint resolution. This solution required only a simple majority in both houses of Congress.

What dispute will coin the phrase “54 40’ or fight”?

Dispute over Oregon border w/ Great Britain

Which President is responsible for acquiring treaties which designated the border with Canadaand Mexico along with acquiring Florida and pushing the Russians out of California?

James Monroe—got things done. Jefferson wrote well, Madison spoke well, Monroe got things done.

Along what parallel would the Oregon border be finally settled with the British?

49th Parallel

What tiny third party gained support in the 1844 Presidential Election?

Liberty Party

Why the tiny third party in question #25 not approve of the annexation of Texas?

The threat of the spread of slavery

What joint resolution did President Tyler sign three days before leaving the White House?

The annexation of Texas

What did the Walker Tariff of 1846 do to tariff rates?

Lowered them from 32% to 25% and proved to be an excellent revenue producer.

Why were Southerners in favor of the Tariff of 1846?

It lowered tariff rates which meant that European countries would not raise their tariff rates against Southern cotton.

Why did Abraham Lincoln feel the Mexican War was unconstitutional?

Because the President had sent troops to Mexico rather than Congress

What is the alternate name for the Mexican War?

Mr. Polk’s War

Along what river was the original boundary with Mexico determined before the Mexican War?

Nueces River

What man will lead a successful Bear Flag Revolt in California, creating a short-livedCalifornia Bear Flag Republic?

John C. Frémont

Which General in the Mexican War was known as “Old Rough and Ready”? Why was he nicknamed this?

Zachary Taylor; because he usually incredibly unsoldierly in appearance, but ready to fight.

Which General will battle his way up to Mexico City by September of 1847?

Winfield Scott

Who will be sent by President Polk to negotiate a treaty with Mexico in 1848?

Nicholas Trist

What treaty ended the Mexican War of 1846-48?

Guadalupe Hidalgo

Along what river was the US/Mexican border settled?

Rio Grande

Which two eventual leading Civil War Generals served in the Mexican war together?

Robert E. Lee and Ulysses S. Grant

How did the Marine Corps incorporate the Mexican War into their hymn?

“From the Hall of Montezuma”

Who was known as the “Colossus of the North”?

United States

What happened at Sutter’s Mill, CA in 1848? How did this event effect emigration? Start of the Civil War?

Beginning of the CA gold rush; Cause a land rush West; Could be linked to a cause of the Civil War because the extension of slavery will begin to be debated and eventually leading to the Civil War.

What did the failed Wilmot Proviso of 1846 and 1848 stipulate concerning slavery and the newly acquired Mexican land? Was it successful? Why/why not?

That slavery should never exist in any territory wrested from Mexico; Never was successfully passed because of the Southern control of the Senate.