Med term chapter 7 and 8

bas/o

base

coagul/o

clotting

cyt/o

cell

eosin/o

red, dawn, rosy

erythr/o

red

hem/o

blood

hemat/o

blood

leuk/o

white

lymph/o

lymph

neutr/o

neutral

thromb/o

clot

embol/o

plug

glyc/o

sugar

myel/o

bone marrow

path/o

disease

phleb/o

vein

septic/o

infection

-cyte

cell

-cytosis

abnormal cell condition

-ectomy

surgical removal

-emia

blood condition

-globin

protein

-ia

condition

-ic

pertaining to

-logist

one who studies

-logy

study of

-lysis

to destroy

-lytic

destruction

-meter

process of measuring

-metery

process of measuring

-oma

tumor/mass

-osis

abnormal condition

-otomy

cutting into

-penia

too few

-phil

attracted to

-plasm

formation

-poiesis

formation

-rrhange

abnormal condition

-stasis

stopping

-tic

pertaining to

a-

without

an-

without

anti-

agains

auto-

self

hyper-

excessive

hypo-

below or insufficent

mono-

one

pan-

all

poly-

many

trans-

across

An/is/o/cyte/osis

abnormal condition of the cell that is same or without

Leuk/o/penia

too few of white blood cells

Leuk/o/cyt/osis

abnormal condition of the white blood cells.

Apheresis

seperation of blood into component parts + removal of a select portion from the blood

blood transfusion

whole blood or cells are taken from donor and infused into a patient

Anemia

group of blood disorder involuntary either a reduction in numbers of circulating erythrocytes or amount of hemoglobin in red blood cells; results in decreased oxygen delivery to tissues.

Anticoagulant

any substance that prevents clots formation

Aplastic anemia

severe form of anemia caused by loss of functioning red bone marrow; results in decrease in number of all blood cells; may require a blood transfusion or bone marrow transplant.

Autotransfusion

collecting and storing ones own blood to replace blood lost durning surgery

blood analyzer

machine that automatically preforms multiple blood chemistry test, such as complete blood count erythrocyte sedimentary rate, and blood clotting tests.

blood culture and sensitivity

blood specimen incubated to check for bacteria growth; if bacteria are present, they are identified and best antibiotic treatment is determined.

blood transfusion

transfer of blood from one person to another

Blood marrow aspiration

removal of small sample of bone marrow by needle to be examined for disease such as leukemia or aplastic anemia

bone marrow transplant

patients receive red bone marrow donation after one bone marrow is destroyed by radiation or chemotherapy

coagulate

formation of a blood clot

complete blood count

comprehensive blood test that includes red blood cell count, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell differential, and platelet count.

embolus

called floating clot; usually piece of information breaks away and floats through the bloodstream until it lodges in a smaller blood vessel and blocks blood flow.

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

blood test that measures rate at which red blood cells settle out of blood to form sediment in bottom of test tube; indicates presence of inflammatory disease

hematocrit

blood test that measures volume of red blood cells within total volume of blood

hematoma

collection of blood under the skin as a result of blood escaping into the tissue from damaged blood vessels; commonly called a bruise

hemoglobin

blood test that measures amount of hemoglobin present in the given volume of blood.

hemophilia

inherited lack of vital clotting factor; results in almost complete inability to stop bleeding

iron-deficiency anemia

anemia resulting when there is not enough iron build hemoglobin for red blood cells

leukemia

cancer of leukocyte forming red bone marrow; patient has large number of abnormal and immature leukocyte circulating in blood.

multiple myeloma

cancer that ordinates in the lymphocytes that makes antibodies; over time, the cancerous cells collect in the bone marrow, resulting in bone marrow tumors.

pernicious anemia

anemia resulting when digestive system absorbs insufficient amount of vitamin b12.

phlebotomy

removal of blood specimen from vein for laboratory testing: also called venipuncture

platelet count

blood test that determines number of platelet in given volume of blood

polycythemia vera

condition characterized by too many erythrocytes; blood becomes too thick to flow easily through blood vessels

prothrombin time

blood test that measures how long it takes for clot to form after prothrombin, a blood clotting protein, is activated

red blood cell count

blood test that determines number of erythrocytes in volume of blood: decrease may indicate anemia; increase may indicate polycythemia vera

septicemia

presence of bacteria or their toxins in bloodstream; commonly called blood poising or sepsis

Serum

blood that has had formed element and clotting factors removed

Sickle cell anemia

inherited blood cell disorder in which erythrocytes take on an abnormal curved or “sickle” shape; cells are fragile and easily damaged resulting in anemia.

Thalassemia

inherited blood disorder in which body is unable to correctly make hemoglobin resulting in anemia

Thrombolytic therapy

administering medication to dissolve blood clotting and restore normal circulation

white blood count

blood test that determines number of leukocytes in volume of blood; increase may indicate infection or leukemia; decrease may be caused by some disease, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy.

white blood cell differential

blood test that determines number of each type of leukocyte.

Neutrophils

increase with infection or inflammation (normal color)

Eosinophilia

increase with allergic reaction or parasitic infection (pink color)

Basophilia

increase with certain types of leukemia

BMT

bone marrow transplant

CBC

complete blood count

ESR

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

HCT, Hct, crit

hematocrit

Hgb, HB

hemoglobin

PA

pernicious anemia

RBC

red blood cells

WBC

White blood cells, white blood cell count

Angi/o

Vessel