AP Psyche Unit 5 Vocab

Automatic

Unconscious processing of information

Effortful

Conscious processing that receives attention and effort

Automatic processing: space

Where the information came from (location)

Automatic processing: time

Unintentionally note when the events take place in a day (sequence of events, 1st, 2nd, 3rd)

Effortful: Shallow - visual structural encoding

Encoding of the image or structure of the term

Effortful: Deep - semantic encoding

Emphasizes the meaning of what is being encoded

Effortful encoding strategies: Chunking

Organizing items into familiar and manageable units

Effortful encoding strategies: mnemonics

Memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices

Effortful encoding strategies: Hierarchy

Subdivisions of terms

• when grouped together, retention is strengthened

Effortful encoding strategies: method of loci

Matching items w/an imagines location

Encoding effects: Spacing effect

We retain information better when we rehearse over time

Encoding effects: serial position

our tendency to recall best, last, and first terms in a list

Encoding effects; Next-in-line

Difficulty in recalling information in events immediately preceding their turn to perform