American West - Cattle Industry

Evidence for Texas

* Texas was the major city of cattle ranching in America
* By 1865, there were nearly 5 million cattle in Texas
* After the civil war, beef became a popular food and there was a big demand for cattle in the great plains east
* Cows were worth $40 in the North, compared to $5 in Texas

Evidence for Cattle drives

* In 1866, Charles Goodnight and Oliver Loving decide to sell cattle directly to new settlements in the West and government reservations
* they did this by driving cattle themselves up from Texas to the plains

Evidence for Cow towns

* Joseph MCcoy set up the first Cow town in Abilene in 1867 which was on the Pacific Railroad
* His aim was to transport cattle East on trains to make profit, as the cattle would sell 10 x there value
* He spent $5000 dollars marketing his new town and built hotels, stockyards and space for 100 rail cars
* In total, 3 million cattle were driven to abilene to be sent East between 1867 and 1873

Evidence for the WSGA had powerful friends and money

* The WSGA had powerful friends and along with the $100, 000 they hired the best Chicago lawyers
* The lawyers got the trial moved to Cheyenne where the jury took the side of the WSGA, and they then kept delaying the trial until Johnson County ran out of money
* The government refused to help so the ‘invaders’ were set free.
* The cattle barons continued their dominance of the cattle industry but the WSGA agreed to let small ranchers join in 1893.

Evidence for Nate Champion

* The invasion failed as they got held up in a shoot-out with rancher Nate Champion who was killed
* Word reached Sheriff Angus of Johnson County, and residents of the county's main town, Buffalo who joined resistance against the ‘invaders’
* The invaders were surrounded and arrested despite being saved by the US army
* The war was over

Evidence for royal revenues close to total of England

* Financial reasons
* Normandy was a wealthy area
* Normandy contributed significantly towards Richards ransom
* there were strong trade links that existed between Normandy and England

Evidence for leading Barons controlled Lands

* Political reasons
* Many leading english barons controlled land in normandy as well as england
* therefore losing normandy could damage the leading english barons confidence in their kings ability to protect its people and provide stability

Evidence for threat of invasion

If the French king could gain control of Normandy he could use it  to launch an attack on England

Evidence for Richards good leadership

* Richard made sure his army was very well disciplines with strict punishments 
* Brought equipment and supplies to boost the christian army
* Richards strategy on the march to jaffa
* Defensive walls showed tactical leadership
* Rotation for his soldiers

Evidence for Richard’s poor leadership

* Richard ordered soldiers to travel during violent storms which led to many issues such as rotten food and clothes, weapons and armour starting to rust
* Richard rushed the peace settlement with saladin to return home fast
* Richard pursued ascalon rather than the holy city and this meant he left Ramla with a smaller army

Evidence for the strength of Saladin

* Saladin launched surprise attacks
* Poisoned all of the wells

Evidence for bad luck

* Frederick died very early
* Bad storm and weather
* Richard was placed n a difficult position as saladin had failed to pay the ransom

Evidence for religion when cruisaiding

* going on crusade would bring full indulgence
* so people’s souls would bypass purgatory

Evidence for reward when cruisading

* soldiers hoped for financial rewards through seizing valuables from the enemy


* Many also escaped paying debts
* Crusaders avoided the Saladin Tithe

Evidence for respect

* Young Knights could make a name for themselves and bring honour to a family

Evidence for revenge

* People wanted revenge for the loss of jerusalem


* Propaganda encouraged this