Biology 4.5 Roots: The Plant’s Anchors

What is a tap root system?

tap roots are commonly found in dicots and penetrate the soil with relatively little branching

What is another name for a tap root

A tap route can also be called a primary root because they grow directly from the plant embryo

What are fibrous roots?

Have no main section, but spread out with very thin roots, forming a tangled mass and shallow soil

What is the outer part of a root and discovered by a protective layer

Epidermis

What does the epidermis do?

Helps protect the plant and prevent water loss

What are root hairs?

Root hairs are epidermal cells that develop into long finger like projections

Inside the epidermis is the roots food storage region called what

Root cortex

The cortex surrounds the roots what

Central vascular cylinder, which is also called stele

What is the purpose of xylem tissues?

To carry water to the stem

What is the purpose of phloem tissues?

Carry food back to the root

Near the tip of the root is the main growing region called the what

Apical meristem

What is the purpose of the apical meristem

the apical meristem Is responsible for performing the epidermis, the cortex and the vascular cylinder

What is the increase of meristematic cells results in growth and length of the roots

Primary growth

What is the region closest to the end?

Meristematic region

What is the third region of growth

Maturation region

What is just above the meristematic region?

Region of elongation

At the tip of the root providing and covering is the cone shaped what

Root cap

What roots do not develop from buds, but from the central vascular cylinder of a root?

Lateral roots

What does the word permeable mean?

This means that certain substances are allowed to pass through membrane

What is the process of mixing molecules of one substance through another by random molecular motion?

Diffusion

What does the word semipermeable mean?

Allow some substances to diffuse through it, but not other substances

What is diffusion through a semipermeable membrane

Osmosis

After root hairs, absorb water by osmosis the water and absorbed minerals must flow up through the xylem tubes. This upward flow is called the what

Sap stream

Defined the word root pressure

The osmotic force that helps move water to the vascular cylinder

What is the chief force that draws water up the stem?

Transpiration pull