OT 200 Chapter 7

anoxia

absence of oxygen

antitussive

medication used to suppress or relieve coughing

aphonia

loss of voice

asbestosis

lung disease caused by inhaling asbestos particles

asphyxia

loss of consciousness caused by insufficient intake of oxygen

asthma

chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial tissues

atelectasis

imcomplete expansion of part or all of the lung

bradypnea

abnormally slow breathing; less than 10 breaths per minute

bronchodialator

medication that relaxes and expands the bronchial passages into the lungs

bronchorrhea

an excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi

broncoscopy

visual examination of the bronchi

bronchospasm

a contraction of the muscle in the walls of the bronchi; tightens and shuts airway

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

irregular pattern of breathing characterized by alternating rapid or slowing

croup

an acute respiratory syndrome in children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and a barking cough

cyanosis

bluish discoloration due to an insufficient amount of oxygen in the blood

cystic fibrosis

a genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus

dysphonia

difficulty in speaking, usually due to hoarseness

dyspnea

difficult breathing

emphysema

progressive, long-term loss of lung function

empyema

collection of pus in any body cavity

endotracheal intubation

the passage of a tube through the mouth to establish or maintain an open airway

epistaxis

bleeding from the nose

hemoptysis

coughing up blood

hemothorax

collection of blood in the pleural cavity

hypercapnia

abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood

hyperpnea

breathing that is deeper and more rapid than normal at rest

hypoxemia

deficient amount of oxygen in the blood

hypopnea

slow or shallow breathing

hypoxia

deficient oxygen in tissue cells

laryngitis

inflammation of the larynx

laryngoscopy

visual examination of the larynx

laryngospasm

spasmodic closure of the larynx

mediastinum

middle section of the chest between the lungs

nebulizer

electronic device that creates a mist used to deliver medication for giving respiratory treatment

otolaryngologist

a specialist in the disorders of the ear, nose, or throat (ENT)

pertussis

a bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract characterized by paroxysmal cough

pharyngitis

inflammation of the pharynx

pleural effusion

excess collection of fluid that prevents lung from fully expanding

pleurisy

inflammation of the pleura

pleurodynia

pain in the chest that occurs in relation to breathing movements

pneumoconiosis

fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by dust

pneumonectomy

surgical removal of lung

pneumonia

inflammation in the lung caused by infection from pus and other fluids

pneumothorax

collection of air in the pleural cavity that causes the lung to collapse

polysomnography

the diagnostic measurement of physiological activity during sleep

pulmonologist

a physician who specializes in the diseases and disorders of the lungs and respiratory system

pulse oximeter

an external monitor placed on the patient's fingertip or earlobe to measure the oxygen saturation level in the blood

pyothorax

pus in the chest cavity

sinusitis

inflammation of the sinuses

sleep apnea

a sleep disorder characterized by halts of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings

spirometer

a recording device that measures the amount of air inhaled or exhaled

tachypnea

rapid breathing; more than 20 breaths per minute

thoracentesis

surgical puncture of the thorax

thoracotomy

surgical incision into the thorax

tracheostomy

surgical creation of a stoma in the trachea

tracheotomy

surgical incision into the trachea

tuberculosis

disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, attacking the lungs

bronchiectasis

permanent stretching or widening of the walls of the bronchi

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

a group of lung diseases in which the bronchial airflow is obstructed

pulmonary edema

collection of fluid in lung tissues