Medical Terminology - Nervous System and Special Senses

Vocabulary flashcards generated from Medical Terminology exam review notes covering combining forms, anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the nervous system and special senses.

Scot/o

Combining form meaning darkness.

Lacrym/o

Combining form meaning tears.

5 Senses

Hearing, sight, touch, taste, smell (not perception).

Cornea

Structure of the eye that is transparent and has no blood supply.

Pupil

Portion of eye responding to light.

Gangli/o

Combining form meaning ganglion.

Encephal/o

Combining form meaning brain.

Crani/o

Combining form meaning cranium.

Cerebr/o

Combining form meaning cerebrum.

Cerebell/o

Combining form meaning cerebellum.

Meningi/o

Combining form meaning meninges.

Neur/o

Combining form meaning nerve.

Spin/o

Combining form meaning spine.

Thalam/o

Combining form meaning thalamus.

Ventricul/o

Combining form meaning ventricu.

Vag/o

Combining form meaning vagus.

Structures of CNS

Brain and spinal cord.

Neuron

Basic element of nervous system.

Cell Body / Soma

Portion of neuron that has branches that send signals.

Axon

Structures that carry impulses away from cell body.

Conductivity

Ability to transmit a signal.

Neurotransmitters

Helpers of nervous system that transmit signals.

Autonomic Nervous System Function

Stimulates glands, organs under non conscious control.

Afferent Neurons

Sensory neurons that carry information TO CNS.

Efferent Neurons

Neurons carrying info from brain to periphery for motor response.

Three Parts of Brainstem

Medulla on blongata, med pons, and midbrain.

Sympathetic Nervous System

System activated when stressed.

Cerebellum

Portion of brain that coordinates musculoskeletal movement to maintain balance & muscle tone.

Ventricles

Waterways in brain that contain CSF.

Meninges

Layers of conn. tissue that cover the brain spinal cord.

Three Meningeal Layers

Pia (most delicate), arachnoid CSF (middle), and dura mater.

Spinal Cord Pathology

Meningocele and spina bifida.

Bell's Palsy

Paralysis on one side of face.

Neuritis

Inflammed nerve.

Neuroplasty

Surgical repair of nerve.

Cephalgia

Word for head pain.

PET Brain Imaging Advantage

Looking at physiology.

Mycologram

X-ray procedure to view spinal cord.

Lumbar Puncture

Procedure where CSF is withdrawn.

Apraxia

Inability to use familiar objects; common sympt. alzheimers.

Audi/o and Aur/o

Combining forms meaning hearing.

Blephar/o

Combining form meaning eyelid.

Cerumin/o

Combining form meaning wax.

Core/o

Combining form meaning pupil.

Cochle/o

Combining form meaning cochlea.

Ocul/o and Opthal/o

Combining forms meaning eye.

Myring/o and Tumpan/o

Combining forms meaning eardrum.

Mastoid/o

Combining form meaning mastoid process.

Corne/o and Kerat/o

Combining forms meaning cornea.

Ir/o

Combining form meaning iris.

Presby/o

Combining form meaning old.

Scler/o

Combining form meaning white.

Retin/o

Combining form meaning retina.

Phac/o and Phak/o

Combining forms meaning lens.