Nervous System, Central Nervous System, and Special Senses Lab Review

Comprehensive fill-in-the-blank practice flashcards covering nervous tissue, spinal cord anatomy, meninges, eye structures, and auditory anatomy from the laboratory materials.

In a neuron, the branching extensions of the soma that receive incoming electrical signals are called the __________.

DENDRITES

Along the axon of the displayed nerve cell model, the insulating lipid-rich sheath produced by supporting cells is the __________.

MYELIN SHEATH

The gaps occurring at regular intervals along a myelinated axon are known as the __________.

NODES OF RANVIER

The swollen distal endings of axon terminals containing neurotransmitter vesicles are the __________.

SYNAPTIC KNOBS

The neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system responsible for forming the myelin sheath is the __________.

SHWANN CELL

In the spinal cord cross-section model shown, the narrow internal channel carrying cerebrospinal fluid through the center is the __________.

central canal

The enlargement on the posterior root of a spinal nerve containing sensory cell bodies is the __________.

dorsal root ganglion

The anterior projection of gray matter within the spinal cord containing somatic motor neuron cell bodies is the __________.

anterior gray horn

The lateral division of white matter containing myelinated ascending and descending tracts is the __________.

lateral white column

Motor nerve fibers exit the anterior aspect of the spinal cord through the __________.

ventral root

On the interior posterior surface of the eye model, the central pit providing maximal visual acuity is the __________.

FOVEA CENTRALIS

The blind spot of the retina where ganglion cell axons leave the eyeball to form the optic nerve is the __________.

OPTIC DISC

The vascular, pigmented middle tunic of the eye located behind the ciliary body is the __________.

CHOROID

The circular band of smooth muscle that controls the tension on the lens for accommodation is the __________.

CILIARY MUSCLE

The opaque, fibrous white outer protective coat of the eye is the __________.

SCLERA

The tear-producing gland located within the superolateral part of the orbit is the __________.

LACRIMAL GLAND

The thin, transparent mucous membrane lining the inner eyelids and anterior sclera is the __________.

CONJUNCTIVA

In the dissected mammalian eye shown, the iridescent blue-green reflective layer beneath the retina is the __________.

TAPETUM LUCIDUM

The clear, gelatinous fluid filling the posterior cavity of the eye behind the lens is the __________.

VITREOUS HUMOR

The nerve protruding from the posterior aspect of the eyeball that transmits visual impulses to the brain is the __________.

OPTIC NERVE

The thick, outermost meningeal layer protecting the brain and spinal cord is the __________.

DURA MATER

The fluid-filled space between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater through which cerebrospinal fluid circulates is the __________.

SUBARACHNOID SPACE

The delicate, vascular innermost meninx adhering directly to the surface of the spinal cord is the __________.

PIA MATER

The adipose-filled space situated outside the dura mater within the spinal canal is the __________.

EPIDURAL SPACE

The cartilaginous outer structure of the ear that collects sound waves is the __________.

pinNa (auricle)

The thin sheet that vibrates in response to sound waves and separates the external canal from the middle ear is the __________.

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

The spiral, fluid-filled organ of the inner ear responsible for hearing transduction is the __________.

cochlea

The stirrup-shaped auditory ossicle that connects directly to the oval window is the __________.

stapes

The hammer-shaped auditory ossicle attached directly to the inner surface of the tympanic membrane is the __________.

Malleus

The trio of tiny bones in the middle ear cavity that transmit auditory vibrations are collectively called the __________.

ossicles

The passage that connects the tympanic cavity to the nasopharynx to equalize middle ear air pressure is the __________.

auditory tube

The three fluid-filled loops of the inner ear that detect angular acceleration and rotational movement are the __________.

semicircular canals