BIO LAB 7- 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 (Muscle Tissue Histology, Gross Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles,)

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Last updated 7:01 PM on 10/3/26
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144 Terms

1
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myology

the study of the muscular system

2
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all the muscle tissue function through the interaction of two proteins:

actin and myosin

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what is the main goal of muscle?

to contract (shorten and tighten)

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what is the general function of muscle

movement of body parts and organ contents, maintain posture, preventing unwanted movement, controlling openings and passageways/hollow organs, thermoregulation

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what are the 3 types of muscle tissues?

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

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which muscles types are striated

skeletal and cardiac

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which muscles types are non-striated

smooth

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which muscle types are voluntary

skeletal

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which muscle types are involuntary

smooth and cardiac

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muscle cells that make up muscle tissue

muscle fibers

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what is smooth muscle tissue found in

sheets or as individual cells that encircle hollow organs

12
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fusiform

tapering at both ends; spindle-shaped.

<p>tapering at both ends; spindle-shaped.</p>
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smooth muscle

what kind of muscle is this?

<p>what kind of muscle is this?</p>
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what is a key structure to locate in cardiac muscle cells

intercalated disc

<p>intercalated disc</p>
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intercalated disc

border of each cell but serves as communication between cells using gap junctions

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adhering junctions and desmosomes

structures within intercalated discs

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cardiac muscle

what kind of muscle is this?

<p>what kind of muscle is this?</p>
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epimysium

fibrous sheet enclosing the entire skeletal muscle tissue

<p>fibrous sheet enclosing the entire skeletal muscle tissue</p>
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fascicles

Bundles of muscle fibers wrapped in perimysium

<p>Bundles of muscle fibers wrapped in perimysium</p>
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endomysium

thin sleeve of loose connective tissue

<p>thin sleeve of loose connective tissue</p>
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tendons

fibrous bands that connect muscles to bones.

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aponeurosis

the tendon appears as a fibrous broad sheet

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retinaculum

a band that would hold tendons in place

<p>a band that would hold tendons in place</p>
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fascia

sheet of connective tissue that seperates neighboring muscles or muscle groups from eacother

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sarcomere

smallest functional/contractile unit of a skeletal muscle tissue

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ZIMAH

-z disc to z disc forms a sarcomere

-I bands are the lighter sections on each end of a sarcomere

-m line is the midline in a sarcomere

-a band is the darker section in the center of a sarcomere

-h zone is the lighter region in the middle of the A band

<p>-z disc to z disc forms a sarcomere</p><p>-I bands are the lighter sections on each end of a sarcomere</p><p>-m line is the midline in a sarcomere</p><p>-a band is the darker section in the center of a sarcomere</p><p>-h zone is the lighter region in the middle of the A band</p>
27
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muscle spindles

helping to communicate to the nervous system the position and length of the muscle as a whole

28
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what percentage of the total body mass is comprised of skeletal muscles

30-40%

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what do the axial muscles include

muscles found in the axis of the body such as the head (face and scalp), neck (flexors and extensors), thorax (intercostals), abdomen (abdominals, and back

<p>muscles found in the axis of the body such as the head (face and scalp), neck (flexors and extensors), thorax (intercostals), abdomen (abdominals, and back</p>
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what do the appendicular muscles include

muscles of the upper extremities (shoulder, upper arm, elbow, forearm, and hand) and lower extremities (pelvis, thigh, knee, lower leg, and foot

<p>muscles of the upper extremities (shoulder, upper arm, elbow, forearm, and hand) and lower extremities (pelvis, thigh, knee, lower leg, and foot</p>
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what is the ending for muscle movements/actions

-or, -ion

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what is the ending for muscle directional terms

-is, -us

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what is the ending for muscle structures, bones, features, cartilages they are next to

-is, -us

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what is the ending for muscles regional terms

-is, -us

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origin

bony site of attachment of skeletal muscles

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Insertion

The attachment of a muscle tendon to a moveable bone or the end opposite the origin

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circular

fibers are arranged in concentric rings around openings

<p>fibers are arranged in concentric rings around openings</p>
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convergent/radiate

fibers are arranged in a broad or flared pattern from the. origin to its insertion as a single tendon

<p>fibers are arranged in a broad or flared pattern from the. origin to its insertion as a single tendon</p>
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parallel

fibers have a fairly uniform width and parallel fascicles

<p>fibers have a fairly uniform width and parallel fascicles</p>
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pennate

uni, bi, multi, feather shaped where its fibers run at an angle relative to the tendons of that muscle

<p>uni, bi, multi, feather shaped where its fibers run at an angle relative to the tendons of that muscle</p>
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occipitalis muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
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frontalis muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
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Orbicularis occuli muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
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orbicularis oris muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
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zygomaticus major muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
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zygomaticus minor muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
47
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masseter muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
48
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Sternocleidomastoid muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
49
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trapezius muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
50
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deltoid muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
51
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pectoralis major muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
52
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brachialis muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
53
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biceps bracii muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
54
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serratus anterior muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
55
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external oblique muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
56
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rectus abdominis muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
57
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brachioradialis muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
58
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rectus sheath

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
59
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flexor carpi radialis muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
60
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palmaris longus muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
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tensor fasciae latae muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
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pectineus muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
63
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sartorius muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
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gracillis muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
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adductor longus muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
66
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rectus femoris muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
67
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vastus lateralis muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
68
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vastus medialis muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
69
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fibularis longus muscle

what muscles is this

<p>what muscles is this</p>
70
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tibialis anterior muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
71
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gastrocnemius muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
72
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soleus muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
73
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extensor digitorum longus muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
74
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infraspinatus muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
75
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long head of triceps brachii muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
76
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lateral head of the triceps brachii muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
77
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teres minor muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
78
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teres major muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
79
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medial head of triceps brachii muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
80
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latissimus dorsi muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
81
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brachioradialis muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
82
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external oblique muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
83
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extensor carpi ulnaris muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
84
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flexor carpi ulnaris muscle

What muscle is this?

<p>What muscle is this?</p>
85
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extensor digitorium muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
86
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gluteus medias muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
87
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gluteus maximus muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
88
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Semitendinosus muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
89
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adductor magnus muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
90
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biceps femoris muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
91
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semimembranosus muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
92
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medial head of gastrocnemius muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
93
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lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle

what muscle is this

<p>what muscle is this</p>
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galea aponeurotica

fibrous connective tissue superficial to the cranium connecting the frontalis and occipitalis muscles

<p>fibrous connective tissue superficial to the cranium connecting the frontalis and occipitalis muscles</p>
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what does the frontalis muscle do?

pulls scalp anteriorly, raises the eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead

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what does the occipitalis muscle do?

superficial to occipital bone, pulls scalp posteriorly

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what does the orbicularis oculi muscle do?

superficial, closes the eyelids

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What does the corrugator supercilii do?

frowning muscles by wrinkling the eyebrows

<p>frowning muscles by wrinkling the eyebrows</p>
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what does the nasalis muscle do

flares nostrils; compresses nasal cartilage

<p>flares nostrils; compresses nasal cartilage</p>
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what does the orbicularis oris muscle do?

closes mouth, puckers lips and uniquely developed in humans for speech