PREMIUM LANGUAGE IN USE - TEST 1 - 5

Expedite (verb)

Xúc tiến, đẩy nhanh tiến độ - To make an action or process happen sooner or be accomplished more quickly - The government took steps to ____ the delivery of emergency supplies.

Explicate (verb)

Giải thích, phân tích chi tiết - To analyze and develop an idea or principle in detail - The professor attempted to ____ the complex philosophical theory.

Extricate (verb)

Gỡ rối, giải thoát ai khỏi tình thế khó khăn - To free someone or something from a constraint or difficulty - He managed to ____ himself from the awkward social situation.

Extenuate (verb)

Giảm nhẹ (tội lỗi, khuyết điểm) bằng lý do bào chữa - To make guilt or an offense seem less serious or more forgivable - Nothing could ____ his outright refusal to obey the rules.

Quota (noun)

Chỉ tiêu, hạn ngạch - A fixed share of something that a person or group is entitled to receive or bound to contribute - Each team member had to meet a strict weekly ____.

Quorum (noun)

Số lượng đại biểu tối thiểu để tiến hành cuộc họp - The minimum number of members of a committee that must be present at any of its meetings to make the proceedings valid - The meeting was postponed because they failed to reach a ____.

Quotient (noun)

Thương số (toán học) / Chỉ số, mức độ - A result obtained by dividing one quantity by another, or a degree of a specified quality - Her emotional ____ allowed her to lead the team effectively.

Quotidian (adjective)

Hằng ngày, thường nhật, tầm thường - Of or occurring every day; daily or ordinary - The novel captures the ____ struggles of working-class families.

Stand the test (of time/work) (idiom)

Thử thách qua thời gian/công việc, khẳng định giá trị bền vững - To prove to be reliable, effective, or durable over a long period - Classic literature continues to ____.

Bear the stamp (idiom)

Mang dấu ấn, thể hiện rõ đặc trưng của ai/cái gì - To show clear characteristics or evidence of a particular influence or quality - The new architectural design clearly ____ of modernism.

Vivacious (adjective)

Sôi nổi, hoạt bát, tràn đầy năng lượng - Attractively lively and animated - Her ____ personality made her popular among her peers.

Vestiary (adjective)

Thuộc về trang phục, quần áo - Relating to clothes or dressing - The museum presented a display of traditional ____ fashion.

Vicarious (adjective)

Trải nghiệm gián tiếp (qua người khác) - Experienced in the imagination through the feelings or actions of another person - Parents often feel a ____ thrill when watching their children succeed.

Indomitable (adjective)

Bất khuất, không thể bị khuất phục - Impossible to subdue or defeat - Her ____ spirit helped her overcome severe hardship.

Inextricably (adverb)

Phức tạp đến mức không thể tách rời - In a way that is impossible to disentangle or separate - Culture and language are ____ linked.

Indefatigable (adjective)

Không biết mệt mỏi, bền bỉ - Persisting tirelessly in effort or activity - Her ____ study habits earned her top scores in the contest.

Incalculable (adjective)

Không thể tính toán hay đong đếm được - Too great, vast, or complex to be calculated or estimated - The war caused ____ damage to the historical city.

Inappreciable (adjective)

Không đáng kể, quá nhỏ để nhận ra - Too small or insignificant to be perceived or felt - The change in temperature was so tiny as to be ____.

Indispensability (noun)

Sự không thể thiếu, tính thiết yếu - The quality of being absolutely necessary or essential - The study highlights the ____ of critical thinking in modern education.

Militate against (phrasal verb)

Cản trở, chống lại, làm giảm khả năng thành công - (Of a fact or factor) to be a powerful factor in preventing something - Lack of funding will severely ____ the project's success.

None the worse (idiom)

Không bị tổn hại gì, vẫn tốt như thường - Not harmed or damaged despite a difficult experience - After the accident, he was relieved to be ____ for wear.

Alternately (adverb)

Luân phiên, hết cái này đến cái kia - With two things succeeding each other turn by turn - The weather was ____ sunny and rainy throughout the afternoon.

Assiduously (adverb)

Một cách cần mẫn, siêng năng tỉ mỉ - With great care, attention, and persistent effort - She worked ____ to prepare her research paper for the deadline.

Lapse (noun/verb)

Trôi qua (thời gian) / Sự gián đoạn / Sai sót - A temporary failure or concentration, or an interval of time - A brief ____ in attention cost him the victory.

In the ascendant (idiom)

Đang trên đà phát triển, ngày càng có ảnh hưởng - Rising in power, influence, or popularity - Modern technology companies remain firmly ____.

Put paid to something (idiom)

Chấm dứt, dập tắt, phá hủy cái gì - To stop, ruin, or destroy something completely - The sudden injury managed to ____ her athletic career.

Preposterous (adjective)

Vô lý, ngớ ngẩn, phi lý - Contrary to reason or common sense; utterly absurd - Charging such a high price for a basic book is completely ____.

Dovetail (verb)

Khớp nhau hoàn hảo, ăn khớp nhịp nhàng - Fit together compactly or harmoniously - Her research plans ____ neatly with the department's goals.

Self-perpetuating (adjective)

Tự duy trì, tự kéo dài liên tục - Perpetuating itself without external intervention - Poverty can create a ____ cycle if left unaddressed.

Perfunctorily (adverb)

Làm cho có, qua loa đại khái - Carried out with a minimum of effort or reflection - He greeted the guests ____ before returning to his office.

Surreptitiously (adverb)

Lén lút, vụng trộm - In a quick, secret, or stealthy way - She ____ glanced at her watch during the lengthy meeting.

Inertia (noun)

Trì trệ, quán tính, không muốn thay đổi - A tendency to do nothing or to remain unchanged - Corporate ____ prevented the company from adopting new technology.

Entropy (noun)

Sự hỗn loạn, độ tăng mức độ vô trật tự - Lack of order or predictability; gradual decline into disorder - Without constant maintenance, systems naturally drift toward ____.

Lull (noun/verb)

Khoảng lặng, sự tạm lắng / Tạm thời yên bình - A temporary interval of quiet or lack of activity - There was a brief ____ in the storm before the winds picked up again.

Lag (noun/verb)

Sự trễ, sự tụt lại phía sau - Fail to keep up with another or a period of delay - System ____ hampered the team's ability to process data quickly.

Lurch (verb/noun)

Tảo hỏa, chao đảo / Sự trồi sụt thình lình - Make an abrupt, unsteady, uncontrolled movement - The bus gave a sudden ____ as the driver hit the brakes.

Ascension (noun)

Sự thăng tiến, sự đi lên - The act of rising to an important position or higher level - His rapid ____ to presidency surprised many industry observers.

Ascetic (adjective/noun)

Khắc kỷ, khổ hành / Người sống khổ hạnh - Characterized by severe self-discipline and abstention from indulgences - Monks traditionally follow an ____ lifestyle in isolation.

Antecedent (noun/adjective)

Tiền đề, cái có trước / Xảy ra trước - A thing that existed before or logically precedes another - Historical developments served as an important ____ to the revolution.

Set store by (idiom)

Coi trọng, đánh giá cao cái gì - To value or consider something to be important - She places a high ____ honesty and transparency in relationships.

Condense (verb)

Ngưng tụ / Tóm tắt, cô đọng - Make something denser or more concise - Try to ____ your essay into three clear body paragraphs.

Compress (verb)

Nén lại, ép chặt - Flatten by pressure; squeeze or press together - Modern algorithms help ____ large video files for faster sharing.

Concerted practice (noun phrase)

Sự kết hợp nỗ lực luyện tập chung - Joint or coordinated effort applied to skill development - Consistent, ____ is essential for mastering an instrument.

Walk a fine line (idiom)

Cân bằng giữa hai mặt nhạy cảm, giữ ranh giới mong manh - To achieve a difficult balance between two opposing things - Teachers must ____ between maintaining discipline and encouraging freedom.

Disabuse someone of something (verb phrase)

Làm ai tỉnh ngộ, giải tỏa sự hiểu lầm của ai - To persuade someone that his or her belief is mistaken - I had to ____ him ____ the notion that the test would be easy.

Acquit (verb)

Tuyên bố vô tội, tha bổng - Free someone from a criminal charge by a verdict of not guilty - The jury chose to ____ the defendant due to insufficient evidence.

Absolve (verb)

Xóa tội, giải phóng ai khỏi trách nhiệm/lỗi lầm - Set or declare someone free from blame, guilt, or responsibility - The official report helped to ____ the manager of any negligence.

Palliatives (noun)

Biện pháp xoa dịu tạm thời (không chữa triệt để) - Actions or measures that alleviate a problem without solving its cause - Short-term tax cuts serve as mere ____ for systemic economic issues.

Panaceas (noun)

Thuốc trị bách bệnh, giải pháp toàn năng - Remedies or solutions for all difficulties or diseases - Education is vital, but it is not a complete ____ for societal ills.

Prophylactics (noun)

Biện pháp/thuốc phòng bệnh - Preventive measures or treatments used to protect against disease - Regular exercise and healthy eating act as effective ____ against illness.

Purgatives (noun)

Thuốc xổ, chất tẩy rửa làm sạch - Laxatives or substances that cleanse or purify - The doctor prescribed mild ____ to relieve the patient's digestive system.

Minutiae (noun)

Những chi tiết vụn vặt, tiểu tiết - Small, precise, or trivial details - The meticulous editor focused on the ____ of grammar and formatting.

Unremitting (adjective)

Liên tục không ngừng nghỉ, không hề giảm sút - Never relaxing or slackening; incessant - Success came as a result of years of ____ effort.

Unconscionable (adjective)

Phi đạo đức, quá đáng, không thể chấp nhận được - Not right or reasonable; unreasonably excessive - Charging such exorbitant fees for medical care is strictly ____.

Variable (adjective/noun)

Thay đổi, biến số - Not consistent or having a fixed pattern; liable to change - Weather conditions in the mountains remain highly ____.

A counsel of perfection (noun phrase)

Lời khuyên lý tưởng hóa (khó thực hiện trong thực tế) - Advice that is ideal but impractical to follow - Striving for zero mistakes in writing is ____ for most beginners.

A bone of contention (noun phrase)

Vấn đề tranh chấp, mâu thuẫn chính - A subject or issue over which there is continuing disagreement - Land ownership remained ____ between the neighboring nations.

A hostage to fortune (noun phrase)

Lời nói/hành động sơ hở có thể gây rắc rối sau này - A promise or action that might bring trouble in the future - Making premature promises can become ____ if circumstances change.

A shot across the bows (noun phrase)

Lời cảnh cáo, sự đe dọa đầu tiên - A statement or action serving as a clear warning - Issuing a formal warning letter served as ____ to the non-compliant firm.

Unduly (adverb)

Quá mức, quá đáng, không cần thiết - To an unwarranted degree; excessively - You should not be ____ worried about minor academic setbacks.

Deprecated (adjective/verb)

Bị phản đối, bị coi là lạc hậu/không nên dùng - Disapproved of, or (of software) declared obsolete - The author used an outdated phrase that is now generally ____.

Deferred (adjective)

Bị hoãn lại, hoãn thi hành - Put off to a later time; postponed - The student received a ____ admission decision until next term.

Deposed (adjective/verb)

Bị phế quốc, bị lật đổ khỏi quyền lực - Removed from office or power suddenly and forcefully - The ____ leader was forced to live in exile abroad.

Tenable (adjective)

Có thể bảo vệ/vẫn giữ vững được (quan điểm, lý thuyết) - Able to be maintained or defended against attack or objection - His argument proved no longer ____ in light of new evidence.

Tangential (adjective)

Bề ngoài, ngoài lề, không đi vào trọng tâm - Diverging from a previous course or line; barely relevant - She made several ____ comments that distracted from the main debate.

Incidental (adjective)

Phụ, phát sinh thêm, không phải yếu tố chính - Accidental or happening as a minor accompaniment to something - Expenses incurred during travel were treated as purely ____.

Antecedent (noun/adjective)

Tiền đề, sự việc xảy ra trước - Existing, being, or going before in time or order - Understanding the historical ____ is crucial for analyzing current policy.

Sophistry (noun)

Ngụy biện, lập luận gian xảo có vẻ đúng - The use of fallacious arguments, especially with the intention of deceiving - The politician's speech was criticized for relying on clever ____.

Circumlocutory (adjective)

Nói vòng vo, dùng quá nhiều từ né tránh - Expressed using an unnecessarily large number of words - His ____ explanation served only to confuse the audience further.

Perfidiously (adverb)

Một cách phản trắc, tráo trở - In a deceitful and untrustworthy manner - The insider ____ leaked confidential company data to competitors.

Obliquity (noun)

Sự quanh co, sự lệch lạc đạo đức/hành vi - Deviation from moral rectitude or sound thinking - The official was condemned for his financial ____ and corruption.

Dissimulation (noun)

Sự che đậy cảm xúc/ý định thật - Concealment of one's thoughts, feelings, or character - Behind his friendly smile laid a great deal of calculated ____.

Satisfactorily (adverb)

Một cách thỏa đáng, đạt yêu cầu - In a way that fulfills expectations or needs - The student completed the assignment ____ within the given timeframe.

Unmitigated disaster (noun phrase)

Thảm họa hoàn toàn, thất bại ê chề không gỡ gạc - A complete, total, and absolute failure or disaster - The rushed product launch turned out to be an ____.

Unalloyed joy (noun phrase)

Niềm vui thuần khiết, trọn vẹn không lẫn lo âu - Pure happiness unmixed with any negative emotion - Winning the national championship brought her ____.

Dislocation of traffic (noun phrase)

Sự ách tắc, gián đoạn giao thông - Disruption of normal traffic flow or transportation systems - Heavy snowfall caused severe ____ across the city center.

Dispersal (noun)

Sự giải tán, sự phân tán - The action of distributing or spreading things over a wide area - Police ordered the immediate ____ of the crowded gathering.

Disposition (noun)

Tính khí / Sự sắp xếp - A person's inherent qualities of mind and character, or arrangement - Her cheerful ____ made her a pleasure to work with.

Rob Peter to pay Paul (idiom)

Tạm bợ lấy chỗ này đắp chỗ kia, giật gấu vá vai - To discharge one debt by incurring another - Borrowing money from one bank to pay another is just trying to ____.

Cut off its nose to spite its face (idiom)

Giận quá mất khôn, làm hại chính mình vì trả thù - To needlessly harm oneself in an effort to harm someone else - Refusing the job offer out of spite was simply a case of trying to ____.

Abate (verb)

Thuyên giảm, dịu đi, bớt căng thẳng - (Of something bad) become less intense or widespread - The storm began to ____ as the sun rose in the morning.

Allay fears (verb phrase)

Xoa dịu mối lo ngại, làm an lòng - To diminish, relieve, or put to rest fear or anxiety - The principal issued a statement to ____ among parents.

Temper (verb)

Tiết chế, làm dịu bớt bằng cách kết hợp - Serve as a neutralizing or moderating influence to something - You should ____ your enthusiasm with a degree of practical realism.

Promulgate (verb)

Ban hành, công bố rộng rãi (luật lệ, chính sách) - Promote or make widely known (an idea or cause) - The government plans to ____ new environmental protection laws next year.

Proscribe (verb)

Cấm đoán, trục xuất, tuyên bố phi pháp - Forbid, especially by law; denounce or condemn - The organization strictly ____ any form of academic dishonesty.

Prorogue (verb)

Tạm hoãn họp quốc hội/nghị viện - Discontinue a session of a parliament or legislative body without dissolving it - The prime minister advised the monarch to ____ parliament until autumn.

Indefeasible (adjective)

Không thể bị tước đoạt, không thể bị hủy bỏ - Not liable to be lost, annulled, or overturned - Human rights are considered ____ principles of justice.

Comminatory (adjective)

Mang tính đe doạ, cảnh cáo - Threatening, punitive, or expressing a threat - The authority issued a ____ notice regarding unpaid taxes.

Law-abiding (adjective)

Tôn trọng và tuân thủ pháp luật - Obedient to the laws of society - The neighborhood consists predominantly of ____ citizens.

Impunity (noun)

Sự miễn trừ hình phạt, sự không bị trừng phạt - Exemption from punishment or freedom from the injurious consequences of an action - Corrupt officials should not be allowed to break laws with ____.

Excision (noun)

Sự cắt bỏ, sự loại bỏ hoàn toàn - The act of removal by cutting, or erasure from a text - The surgical ____ of the tumor was successful.

Discreet (adjective)

Kín đáo, cẩn trọng, giữ kẽ - Careful and circumspect in one's speech or actions - She was exceptionally ____ regarding confidential student matters.

Discrete (adjective)

Rời rạc, riêng biệt, độc lập - Individually separate and distinct - The study broken the problem down into three ____ phases.

Be at variance with something (idiom)

Bất đồng, mâu thuẫn, không phù hợp với cái gì - To be in disagreement or inconsistent with a fact or policy - His statements were completely ____ the official evidence provided.