Dynamic Earth

3 Boundary Types

Convergent

Divergent

Transform

Convergent Boundary

Two crusts push together CRUST IS DESTROYED EX: Volcanoes, Mountains, Deep Ocean Trench

Divergent Boundary

Two crusts pull apart CRUST IS FORMED EX: Rift zones, Mid ocean ridges, seafloor spreading

Transform Boundary

Two crusts slide past each other CRUST IS NEITHER CREATED NOR DESTROYED EX: Earthquakes

Pangaea

A super continent that was broken apart 225 mya

Alfred Wegener

The scientist that came up with the Continental Drift Theory in 1912

Continental Drift Theory

All contents must have been joined in a super continent

3 Stresses

Tension, Compessional, and Shearing

Divergent has what stress?

Tension

Transform has what stress?

Shearing

Convergent has what stress?

Compression

4 layers of the earth (in order from bottom to top)

Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, and Crust

5 layers of the earth (in order from bottom to top)

Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Asthenesphere, and Lithosphere

Inner Core composition

Soild

Outer Core composition

Liquid

Mantle (4 layer) composition

Asphalt like

Mantle (5 layer) composition

Solid

Asthenesphere composition

Asphalt like

Lithosphere composition

Solid, rocky

4 pieces of evidence for Continental Drift Theory

Puzzle pieces, Fossils, Rock and Mountain types, and Ancient Glaciers/Climate

4 pieces of evidence for Plate Tectonic Theory

Ocean drilling, Paleomagnetism, Earthquake Patterns, and Hot spots

What is earth’s internal energy sources

Ancient core and radioactive decay

What are p-waves

Fast, goes through every material, compressional

What are s-waves

Slow, solids only, transversal (moves side to side)

Lithosphere

Crust and upper mantle, above asthenosphere

Asthenosphere

Lower mantle, where convection currents, below asthenosphere because of its higher density

Oceanic crust is older where and younger where

Older near continental crust and younger near the ridge