Aquaculture Related Laws and Fundamentals

Vocabulary flashcards covering Philippine aquaculture laws, production methods, culture types, site selection criteria, tidal phenomena, and surveying principles.

Republic Act No. 9275

Also known as the Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004, an act providing for comprehensive water quality management and establishing the Water Quality Management Council (WQMC).

Republic Act No. 8435 (1997)

The Agricultural and Fisheries Modernization Act of 1997, prescribing urgent measures to modernize agriculture and fisheries sectors to enhance profitability and prepare for globalization.

Republic Act No. 8550 (1998)

The Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998, providing for the development, management, and conservation of fisheries and aquatic resources, and creating the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) as an implementing body.

Republic Act No. 10654 (2015)

An act amending Republic Act No. 8550 to prevent, deter, and eliminate illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing.

Republic Act No. 1535 (1956)

An amendment to R.A. No. 428 that declares illegal the possession, sale, or distribution of fish or aquatic animals stupefied, disabled, or killed by dynamite, explosives, or toxic substances.

Executive Order No. 240 s. 1995

An executive order establishing Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Councils (FARMCs) and special agencies with jurisdiction over municipal waters.

Presidential Decree No. 1152

The Philippine Environmental Code, providing a comprehensive framework for the protection and management of the environment.

Presidential Decree No. 704 s. 1975

The Fisheries Decree of 1975, revising and consolidating all laws and decrees affecting fishing and fisheries to accelerate industry development.

Presidential Decree No. 979

The Marine Pollution Decree of 1976, revising P.D. No. 600, with rules issued by the National Pollution Control Commission (NEPC) and implemented primarily by the Philippine Coast Guard (PCG).

FAO No. 240 s. 2012

Fisheries Administrative Order No. 240, Series of 2012, setting rules for the implementation of the Fisheries Observer Program in the High Seas (NFOP).

BFAR FAO No. 233

The Aquatic Wildlife Conservation Act of 2010 (issued October 11, 2010), a Philippine law aiming to protect and conserve aquatic wildlife.

Aquaculture

The rearing and breeding of aquatic organisms in confined conditions that are more or less controllable by man.

Freshwater Aquaculture

Aquaculture using freshwater sources such as springs, streams, rivers, rain, deep wells, and lakes to culture species like Tilapia, Carp, Catfish, Mudfish, and Giant freshwater shrimp.

Brackishwater Aquaculture

Coastal aquaculture combining freshwater and seawater, usually located in mangrove areas where rivers mix with tidal waters.

Mariculture

Sea farming located in protected coastal areas using exclusively sea water.

Extensive Production Method

An aquaculture production method characterized by minimal stocking density, natural feed, and minimal water exchange.

Semi-Intensive Production Method

An aquaculture production method characterized by moderate stocking density, supplemental feed with fertilizer, and partial water exchange.

Intensive Production Method

An aquaculture production method characterized by high stocking density, artificial feed, high water exchange rate, and a maximum aeration system.

Milkfish Farm Structure

A brackishwater pond system consisting of three distinct pond types: nursery ponds, transition ponds, and rearing ponds.

Sugpo

The Black tiger prawn, mostly cultured in brackishwater systems using grow-out ponds and harvesting canals.

Oyster Culture

Aquaculture set in shallow, protected, flat coastal areas using attachment structures like rocks, corals, and bamboo stakes.

Mussel Farming

Aquaculture in protected flat coastal areas using bamboo or wooden stakes as attachment structures.

Seaweed Farming

Aquaculture located in protected, flat, sandy coastal areas where starter stocks of seaweeds (e.g., Eucheuma) are tied to ropes in long lines or floating rafts.

Clay Soil (Fishpond Site Selection)

A soil type preferred for fishpond construction because it contributes to natural fertility, yields good vegetation growth, and serves as effective building material for pond linings and dikes.

Ideal Fishpond Slope

A generally flat ground slope of about $3\%$ considered ideal for fishpond development and efficient drainage.

Astronomical Tide

The periodic rising and falling of water surface levels in oceans, seas, and bays resulting from the gravitational attraction of the moon and sun on the earth.

Semi-Diurnal Tide

A tidal pattern that has a cycle of about one-half a tidal day.

Diurnal Tide

A tidal pattern characterized by having only one high water and one low water per tidal day.

Mixed Tides

A tidal pattern characterized by large inequalities in high or low water heights, with two high waters and two low waters occurring each tidal day.

Tide Table

A government publication compiled by the Bureau of Coast and Geodetic Survey listing predicted times and heights of high and low waters for each day of the year across tide stations.

Topographic Map

A map providing essential horizontal and vertical controls for fishpond planning and design, helping determine water movement direction, water control structure locations, and earthwork volume.